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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2025-17-2-24-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-1024</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Последствия COVID-19 — проблема современной медицины</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Consequences of COVID-19 is a problem of modern medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2611-6426</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутманова</surname><given-names>А. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutmanova</surname><given-names>A. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кутманова Айнура Зарылбековна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой инфекционных болезней </p><p>г. Бишкек, ул. Интергельпо, д. 1Ф</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bishkek</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3922-6659</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жолдошев</surname><given-names>С. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zholdoshe</surname><given-names>S. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жолдошев Сапарбай Тезекбаевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры эпидемиологии, микробиологии и инфекционных болезней</p><p>714000, г. Ош, ул. Ленина, д. 331</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Osh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saparbai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9360-7095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдимомунова</surname><given-names>Б. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdimomunova</surname><given-names>B. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдимомунова Бегимай Токтоболотовна — старший преподаватель</p><p>714000, г. Ош, ул. Ленина, д. 331</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Osh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abdimomunova9216@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Международная высшая школа медицины</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>International Higher School Of Medicine</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ошский государственный университет</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Osh State University</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кутманова А.З., Жолдошев С.Т., Абдимомунова Б.Т., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кутманова А.З., Жолдошев С.Т., Абдимомунова Б.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kutmanova A.Z., Zholdoshe S.T., Abdimomunova B.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1024">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1024</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: анализ клинических проявлений последствий COVID-19 у жителей Ошской области Кыргызской Республики.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ходе исследования были выбраны г. Ош и Ошская область Кыргызской Республики, где началась пандемия COVID-19. В  исследование были включены больные с  диагнозом COVID-19, получившие лечение в инфекционном отделении Ошской межобластной клинической больницы за 2020–2022 гг. Для изучения постковидного синдрома проведено долгосрочное наблюдение за  252 пациентами, некоторые из  них выбыли из-под наблюдения, в основном лица старше 70 лет, из-за отказа от постоянного посещения медицинского учреждения и в связи со смертью. Наблюдаемая группа пациентов обращались в медицинские учреждения при появлении каких-либо жалоб и ухудшении самочувствия. Пациенты были осмотрены врачами центров семейных врачей по месту жительств, при необходимости они консультировались врачами узких специальностей. Данные пациентов после извлечения из электронной медицинской карты были агрегированы для статистического анализа. Для статистической обработки результатов использовано программное обеспечение R-studio, (версия 4.0.3). Проведены расчет и визуализация показателей клинической симптоматики в сравнительном аспекте в зависимости от штамма и по неделям с использованием следующих показателей: Median (IQR); n (%), Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. Мониторинг состояния пациентов после острого COVID-19 на 12-й, 24-й, 48-й, 96-й неделе установил сохранение, практически, всех синдромов острой фазы коронавирусной инфекции и мультисистемность клинических проявлений с появлением новых симптомов. Самыми распространенными последствиями COVID-19 стали астенический синдром (69,04%), неврологические нарушения (55,9%) и респираторные проявления (56,3%). Менее выраженные симптомы острой формы COVID-19 оказали значительное влияние в постковидном периоде, проявляясь гастроинтестинальным синдромом (36,1%), психическими расстройствами (28,1%) и кардиоваскулярными нарушениями (26,6%). Выявлены новые клинические симптомы, которые не наблюдались в остром периоде: метаболический синдром (19,4%), проблемы костно-мышечной системы, потливость, аллергия, отеки ног, появление перхоти (16,6%). У  пациентов, перенесших инфекцию, вызванную штаммом линии В, чаще развивались изжога, гипомнезия, агевзия и аллергические реакции. В то время как после заболевания, связанного со штаммом омикрон, пациенты, чаще жаловались на артралгии, парестезии рук и ног, головную боль, храп во сне, быструю утомляемость, гипертензию и гипергликемию. Прямое влияние на возникновение последствий COVID-19 оказали: штамм омикрон, степень тяжести заболевания, тяжелое течение пневмонии с обширным объемом поражения легких (КТ-3 и КТ-4), высокий показатель воспаления (СРБ), самолечение с ранним применением антибиотиков и кортикостероидов (70,1% и 78% соответственно).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Длительное наблюдение за пациентами, перенесшими COVID-19, показало, развитие постковидного синдрома в 69% случаев с мультисистемными проявлениями. Наши результаты дополнили растущее количество исследований по изучению вопросов постковидного синдрома. Доминирующими клиническими последствиями COVID-19 являются неврологический и астенический синдромы. На возникновение постковидного синдрома оказали влияние штамм вируса SARS-CoV-2, выраженность клинико-инструментальных изменений и методы лечения острой фазы. Широкий спектр клинических симптомов постковидного синдрома требуют продолжение дальнейших исследований для лучшего понимания отдаленных последствий инфекции, вызванной SARS-CoV-2, и  формирования рекомендаций для лечения людей с постковидным синдромом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim: to analyse of the clinical manifestations of the effects of COVID-19 in residents of the Osh region of the Kyrgyz republic.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. During the study, Osh city and the Osh region of the Kyrgyz republic were selected, where the COVID-19 pandemic began. The study included patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who received treatment in the infectious diseases department of the Osh interregional clinical hospital for the period 2020–2022. To study the post-COVID syndrome, 252 patients were followed up for a long time, some of them dropped out of observation, mainly people over 70 years old, due to refusal to constantly visit a medical institution and due to death. The observed group of patients contacted medical institutions when they had any complaints and felt worse. The patients were examined by doctors of family doctor centers at the place of residence, if necessary, they were consulted by doctors of narrow specialties. the patient data after extraction from the electronic medical record were aggregated for statistical analysis. The R-studio software (version 4.0.3) was used for statistical processing of the results. The calculation and visualization of clinical symptoms in a comparative aspect, depending on the strain and by week, were carried out using the following indicators: median (IQR); n (%), Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson’s Chi-Squared Test.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Monitoring of the condition of patients after acute COVID-19 at the 12th, 24th, 48th, 96th week established the preservation of almost all syndromes of the acute phase of coronavirus infection and the multisystem clinical manifestations with the appearance of new symptoms. The most common consequences of COVID-19 were asthenic syndrome (69.04%), neurological disorders (55.9%) and respiratory manifestations (56.3%). Less pronounced symptoms of the acute form of COVID-19 had a significant impact in the post-ovarian period, manifested by gastrointestinal syndrome (36.1%), mental disorders (28.1%) and cardiovascular disorders (26.6%). New clinical symptoms that were not observed in the acute period were identified: metabolic syndrome (19.4%), problems of the musculoskeletal system, sweating, allergies, leg swelling, dandruff (16.6%). Patients who had an infection caused by the B strain were more likely to develop heartburn, hypomnesia, ageusia and allergic reactions. While after the disease associated with the Omicron strain, patients were more likely to complain of arthralgia, hand and foot anesthesia, headache, snoring in their sleep, fatigue, hypertension and hyperglycemia. A direct influence on the occurrence of the consequences of COVID-19 was exerted by: the Omicron strain, the severity of the disease, severe pneumonia with extensive lung damage (CT-3 and CT-4), high inflammation (CRP), self-medication with early use of antibiotics and corticosteroids (70.1% and 78%, respectively).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Long-term follow-up of patients who underwent COVID-19 showed the development of post-COVID syndrome in 69% of cases with multisystem manifestations. Our results complement the growing number of studies on the study of postovoid syndrome. The dominant clinical consequences of COVID-19 are neurological and asthenic syndromes. The occurrence of post-COVID syndrome was influenced by the strain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the severity of clinical and instrumental changes and methods of treatment of the acute phase. A wide range of clinical symptoms of post-COVID syndrome require further research to better understand the long-term effects of infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 and to form recommendations for the treatment of people with post-COVID syndrome.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>постковидный синдром</kwd><kwd>наблюдение</kwd><kwd>мониторинг</kwd><kwd>штамм SARS-CoV-2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>post-COVID syndrome</kwd><kwd>surveillance</kwd><kwd>monitoring</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2 strain</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maltezou H.C., Pavli A., Tsakris A. Post-COVID Syndrome: An Insight on Its Pathogenesis // Vaccines (Basel). 2021. May 12. Vol. 9, No. 5. Р. 497. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9050497. 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