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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2025-17-2-91-101</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-1031</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реакция гиперчувствительности к абакавиру: клинический случай тяжелого течения и современное представление о патогенезе состояния</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Abacavir-associated hypersensitive reaction: clinical case of severe course and modern view of the pathogenesis of the condition</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1995-0092</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булыгин</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulygin</surname><given-names>М. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Булыгин Максим Алексеевич — кандидат медицинских наук, старший преподаватель кафедры инфекционных болезней</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kotosupa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4506-0926</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кичеров</surname><given-names>К. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kicherov</surname><given-names>K. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кичеров Константин Дмитриевич — адъюнкт при кафедре инфекционных болезней</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kumbra@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0095-4379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамигулов</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamigulov</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шамигулов Валерий Давлетгулович — старший ординатор инфекционного отделения</p><p>299001, Севастополь, Госпитальный спуск, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sevastopol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valera.shamigulov.95@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0577-4841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лавренчук</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrenchuk</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лавренчук Дмитрий Вадимович — кандидат медицинских наук, преподаватель кафедры инфекционных болезней</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lavr-d@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4398-7525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козлов Константин Вадимович  — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, начальник кафедры инфекционных болезней; главный инфекционист Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</p><p>194044; Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kosttiak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахманов</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shachmanov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шахманов Дмитрий Михайлович — кандидат медицинских наук, старший преподаватель кафедры инфекционных болезней </p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitry.shakhmanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9004-6907</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буланьков</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulan’kov</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Буланьков Юрий Иванович — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторным отделением диагностики ВИЧ-инфекции и вирусных гепатитов микробиологической лаборатории центра клинической лабораторной диагностики; профессор кафедры инфектологии</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6; 195271, Санкт-Петербург, Кондратьевский пр., д. 72, лит А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.bulankov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1687-7026</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boiko</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бойко Александр Анатольевич — начальник медицинской службы — врач-спецфизиолог</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dobrroezlo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляшенко</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyashenko</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ляшенко Юрий Иванович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры инфекционных болезней </p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mister.lishenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия; 1472 Военно-морской клинический госпиталь</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>1472 Navy Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия; Санкт-Петербургский медико-социальный институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg Medico-Social Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Войсковая часть 64994</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Unit 64994</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Булыгин М.А., Кичеров К.Д., Шамигулов В.Д., Лавренчук Д.В., Козлов К.В., Шахманов Д.М., Буланьков Ю.И., Бойко А.А., Ляшенко Ю.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Булыгин М.А., Кичеров К.Д., Шамигулов В.Д., Лавренчук Д.В., Козлов К.В., Шахманов Д.М., Буланьков Ю.И., Бойко А.А., Ляшенко Ю.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bulygin М.A., Kicherov K.D., Shamigulov V.D., Lavrenchuk D.V., Kozlov K.V., Shachmanov D.M., Bulan’kov Y.I., Boiko А.А., Lyashenko Y.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1031">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1031</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования является описание клинического случая тяжелой реакции гиперчувствительности к абакавиру — специфического побочного эффекта антиретровирусной терапии, проявляющегося различной симптоматикой, потребовавшего лечения в условиях отделения интенсивной терапии — и рассуждения о возможных патогенетических механизмах развития реакции гиперчувствительности. Методами исследования являлись клиническое наблюдение за пациентом и последующее изучение истории болезни, а также изучение научных публикаций по теме исследования. Особенностями данного события являются: невыполнение скрининговой диагностики HLA-B*57:01 перед модификацией схемы антиретровирусной терапии — назначением абакавира; неуведомление пациента о возможных проявлениях реакции гиперчувствительности и порядке действий при обнаружении ее симптомов; нетипичная клиническая картина реакции гиперчувствительности, выражавшаяся в отсутствии характерного и наиболее частого встречающегося синдрома экзантемы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study is to describe a clinical case of severe abacavir-associated hypersensitive reaction — a specific side effect of antiretroviral therapy, manifested by various symptoms, requiring treatment in the intensive care unit — and to discuss possible pathogenetic mechanisms of hypersensitivity reaction development. The study methods were clinical observation of the patient and subsequent study of the medical history, as well as examination of scientific publications on the topic of the study. The features of this event are: failure to perform screening diagnostics of HLA-B*57:01 before modifying the antiretroviral therapy regimen — prescribing abacavir; patient’s lack of awareness of possible manifestations of hypersensitivity reaction and the procedure for detecting its symptoms; atypical clinical picture of the hypersensitivity reaction, expressed in the absence of the characteristic and most common exanthema syndrome.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>абакавир</kwd><kwd>реакция гиперчувствительности</kwd><kwd>HLA-B*57:01</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV</kwd><kwd>abacavir</kwd><kwd>hypersensitive reaction</kwd><kwd>HLA-B*57:01</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mallal S., Nolan D., Witt C., Masel G., Martin A.M., Moore C., Sayer D., Castley A., Mamotte C., Maxwell D., James I., Christiansen F.T. 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