aidsВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессииHIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders2077-9828Baltic Medical Education Center10.22328/2077-9828-2025-17-3-9-30aids-1062Research ArticleЛЕКЦИЯLECTUREСовременные представления об антиретровирусной терапии у детей с ВИЧ-инфекциейModern concepts of antiretroviral therapy in children with HIV infectionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-0101РассохинВ. В.RassokhinV. V.

Рассохин Вадим Владимирович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры социально значимых инфекций и фтизиопульмонологии; ведущий научный сотрудник

 197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8; 197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14

Rassokhin Vadim Vladimirovich

St. Petersburg

ras-doc@mail.ruЯстребоваЕ. Б.YastrebovaE. B.

Ястребова Елена Борисовна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры социально значимых инфекций и фтизиопульмонологии; ведущий научный сотрудник

197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8; 197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14

 

St. Petersburg

elena_yastrebova@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-9144ГордонЕ. О.GordonE. O.

Гордон Евгения Олеговна  — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая детским отделением

620102, Екатеринбург, ул. Ясная, стр. 46

Yekaterinburg

gordonevgeniya@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4966-9691РозенбергВ. Я.RozenbergV. Ya.

Розенберг Владимир Яковлевич — кандидат медицинских наук, главный врач; доцент кафедры социально значимых инфекций и  фтизиопульмонологии

196645, Санкт-Петербург, пос. Усть-Ижора, Шлиссельбургское шоссе, д. 3; 197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8

St. Petersburg

Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова; Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени ПастераРоссияPavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University; St. Petersburg Pasteur InstituteRussian FederationСвердловский областной центр профилактики и борьбы со СПИДРоссияSverdlovsk Regional Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDSRussian FederationПервый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова; Республиканская клиническая инфекционная больницаРоссияRepublican Clinical Infectious Diseases HospitalRussian Federation202522112025173930Copyright © Рассохин В.В., Ястребова Е.Б., Гордон Е.О., Розенберг В.Я., 20252025Рассохин В.В., Ястребова Е.Б., Гордон Е.О., Розенберг В.Я.Rassokhin V.V., Yastrebova E.B., Gordon E.O., Rozenberg V.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1062

В лекции на основе международного и собственного научного и клинического опыта рассмотрены аспекты эпидемиологии, особенностей клинических проявлений, диагностики и лечения ВИЧ-инфекции у детей. Освещены сложные вопросы, касающиеся изучения нежелательных явлений на фоне применения антиретровирусных препаратов, нарушения со стороны различных органов и систем, напрямую или косвенно связанные с воздействием ВИЧ, лекарственных препаратов, коморбидных патологических процессов. Изложены материалы, относящиеся к  проблеме сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, риск появления которых у детей возрастает по мере взросления, увеличения длительности ВИЧ-инфекции и продолжительности антиретровирусной терапии, сделан акцент на значении метаболических расстройств (нарушение обмена липидов и глюкозы), роли повреждения эндотелиальных клеток и дисфункции эндотелия сосудов сердца и головного мозга в раннем развитии сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у детей, предложен к использованию алгоритм оказания помощи детям с  ВИЧ-инфекцией и  дислипидемией на  фоне антиретровирусной терапии. Лекция предназначена для широкого круга специалистов, ординаторов и студентов медицинских вузов.

The lecture, based on international and our own scientific and clinical experience, examines aspects of epidemiology, features of clinical manifestations, diagnostics, and treatment of HIV infection in children. It covers complex issues related to the study of adverse events associated with the use of antiretroviral drugs, disorders of various organs and systems directly or indirectly related to the effects of HIV, drugs, and comorbid pathological processes. It presents materials related to the problem of cardiovascular diseases, the risk of which in children increases with age, the duration of HIV infection, and the duration of antiretroviral therapy. It emphasizes the importance of metabolic disorders (impaired lipid and glucose metabolism), the role of endothelial cell damage and dysfunction of the vascular endothelium of the heart and brain in the early development of cardiovascular diseases in children, and proposes an algorithm for providing assistance to children with HIV infection and dyslipidemia during antiretroviral therapy. The lecture is intended for a wide range of specialists, residents, and students of medical universities.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.