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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2025-17-3-73-82</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-1067</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространенность и клинико-эпидемиологические последствия вторичной скрытой ВГС-инфекции после курса безинтерфероновой терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence, clinical and epidemiological consequences of secondary latent HCV infection after a course of interferon-free therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3735-5783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сулима</surname><given-names>Д. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sulima</surname><given-names>D. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сулима Дмитрий Леонидович — доктор медицинских наук, медицинский директор врач-инфекционист, заведующий отделением</p><p>199058, Cанкт-Петербург, ул. Кораблестроителей, д. 33, корп. 2б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uncledimamed@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-0101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рассохин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rassokhin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рассохин Вадим Владимирович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры социально значимых инфекций и фтизиопульмонологии; ведущий научный сотрудник </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8;197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rassokhin Vadim Vladimirovich</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ras-doc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2822-8686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сулейманова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suleimanova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сулейманова Сафура Сардаровна — аспирант; врач-инфекционист</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14; 191167, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Миргородская, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">safuraalieva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Многопрофильная медицинская клиника «Эксклюзив»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Multidisciplinary Medical Clinic EXCLUSIVE</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера; Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute; Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера; Клиническая инфекционная больница имени С. П. Боткина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute; Clinical Infectious diseases Hospital named after S. P. Botkin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сулима Д.Л., Рассохин В.В., Сулейманова С.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сулима Д.Л., Рассохин В.В., Сулейманова С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sulima D.L., Rassokhin V.V., Suleimanova S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1067">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1067</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить распространенность вторичной скрытой ВГС-инфекции, динамику развития фиброза печени и внепеченочных проявлений у пациентов после курса первичной безинтерфероновой терапии и достижения авиремии РНК ВГС.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено ретро- и проспективное одноцентровое поисковое исследование с участием 125 амбулаторных пациентов с  хронической ВГС-инфекцией, прошедших углубленное обследование и  получивших лечение в условиях негосударственной медицинской клиники Санкт-Петербурга в период с 2015 по 2024 г. Выполнена оценка динамики развития фиброза печени, клинико-лабораторных показателей, характера внепеченочных проявлений ВГС-инфекции на фоне безинтерфероновой терапии. Подтверждение эрадикации ВГС осуществлялось на основании отсутствия РНК ВГС одновременно и в плазме крови и мононуклеарных лейкоцитах периферической крови (МЛПК).</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. В ходе исследования было показано достоверное влияние эрадикации ВГС в отношении регресса фиброзных и дистрофических изменений в печени (у 63,4% пациентов наблюдали регресс фиброза печени; p&lt;0,05), а также нормализации биохимических показателей и маркеров ВГС-ассоциированного синдрома LGSI (Low Grade Systemic Inflammation; системного воспаления низкой интенсивности). У 32% пациентов после эрадикации ВГС сохранялся лабораторный феномен бессимптомной смешанной криоглобулинемии или симптомокомплекс криоглобулинемического васкулита. Распространенность вторичной скрытой ВГС-инфекции после курса лечения препаратами прямого противовирусного действия (ПППД) составила 4,8%, а ее исходами явились рецидив виремии, спонтанный клиренс РНК ВГС и сохранение персистенции РНК ВГС в МЛПК. Потенциальными предикторами трансформации виремической формы хронической ВГС-инфекции во вторичную скрытую ВГС-инфекцию можно рассматривать отсутствие регресса фиброза печени, внепеченочных проявлений, нормализации уровня активности АЛТ и «воспалительных» индексов NLR, MLR, PLR на этапе оценки устойчивого вирусологического ответа спустя 12 недель после завершения первичной безинтерфероновой терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, у пациентов с хронической ВГС-инфекцией наряду с системным положительным влиянием курса первичной безинтерфероновой терапии и достижением авиремии РНК ВГС в ряде случаев (4,8%) наблюдается отсутствие иммунологического (неполный иммунологический ответ) и вирусологического ответа. Полученные результаты у пациентов в ближайшем и отдаленном периодах наблюдения представляют определенный клинико-эпидемиологический интерес, указывают на целесообразность оптимизации диспансерного наблюдения для оценки рисков и вероятности развития вторичной скрытой ВГС-инфекции после курса безинтерфероновой терапии, необходимость дальнейших многоцентровых исследований.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. To evaluate the prevalence of secondary latent HCV infection, as well as the dynamics of hepatic fibrosis and extrahepatic manifestations in patients who achieved HCV RNA aviremia after a course of primary interferon-free therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A retro- and prospective single-center exploratory study was conducted with the participation of 125 patients with chronic HCV infection who underwent in-depth examination and received treatment at a non-governmental medical clinic in St. Petersburg in the period from 2015 to 2024. Changes in clinical and laboratory markers of liver fibrosis and extrahepatic manifestations were evaluated in dynamics. HCV eradication was achieved in the absence of HCV RNA in blood plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The study showed a significant effect of HCV eradication on the regression of fibrotic and dystrophic changes in the liver (63.4% of patients had regression of liver fibrosis; p &lt; 0.05), as well as normalization of biochemical parameters and markers of HCV-associated LGSI syndrome (Low Grade Systemic Inflammation). After HCV eradication, 32% of patients retained the laboratory phenomenon of asymptomatic mixed cryoglobulinemia or a symptom complex of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. The prevalence of secondary latent HCV infection after a course of treatment with direct antiviral drugs (DAAs) was 4.8%, and its outcomes were recurrence of viremia, spontaneous clearance of HCV RNA, and persistence of HCV RNA in PBMCs. The absence of regression of liver fibrosis, extrahepatic manifestations, and normal liver function can be considered potential predictors of the transformation of the viremic form of chronic HCV infection into a secondary latent HCV infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, in patients with chronic HCV infection, along with the systemic positive effect of the course of primary interferon-free therapy and the achievement of HCV RNA aviremia, in some cases (4.8%) there is a lack of immunological (incomplete immunological response) and virological response. The results obtained in patients in the near and long-term follow-up periods are of certain clinical and epidemiological interest, indicate the expediency of optimizing outpatient follow-up to assess the risks and likelihood of developing secondary latent HCV infection after a course of interferon-free therapy, and the need for further multicenter studies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус гепатита С (ВГС)</kwd><kwd>скрытая ВГС-инфекция</kwd><kwd>фиброз печени</kwd><kwd>внепеченочные проявления</kwd><kwd>лейкоцитарные индексы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hepatitis C virus (HCV)</kwd><kwd>latent HCV infection</kwd><kwd>liver fibrosis</kwd><kwd>extrahepatic manifestations</kwd><kwd>leukocyte indices</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global hepatitis report 2024: action for access in low- and middle-income countries. 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