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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2015-7-4-17-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-110</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОППОРТУНИСТИЧЕСКИЕ ИНФЕКЦИИ НЕБАКТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ПРИРОДЫ КАК ПРИЧИНА ЛЕТАЛЬНЫХ ИСХОДОВ У ВИЧ-ИНФИЦИРОВАННЫХ ПАЦИЕНТОВ. ЧАСТЬ II. МИКОЗЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS NONBAKTERIAL NATURE AS THE CAUSE OF DEATH IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS. PART II. MYCOSIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акинфиев</surname><given-names>Илья Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akinfiev</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">akinfievib@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кубрак</surname><given-names>Дарья Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kubrak</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">darya-kubrak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балмасова</surname><given-names>Ирина Петровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balmasova</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">iri.balm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>Ирина Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rof.shestakova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ющук</surname><given-names>Николай Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yushchuk</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">prof.uyshuk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И.Евдокимова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Medcine &amp; Dentistry named by A.I.Evdokimov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акинфиев И.Б., Кубрак Д.Н., Балмасова И.П., Шестакова И.В., Ющук Н.Д., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акинфиев И.Б., Кубрак Д.Н., Балмасова И.П., Шестакова И.В., Ющук Н.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akinfiev I.B., Kubrak D.N., Balmasova I.P., Shestakova I.V., Yushchuk N.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/110">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/110</self-uri><abstract><p>Вторая часть обзора литературы, посвященного анализу причин летальных исходов, обусловленных оппортунистическими инфекциями небактериальной природы у больных с ВИЧ/СПИД, включает сведения о роли в этой актуальной проблеме патогенных грибов родов Pneumocystis, Cryptococcus, Candida. C точки зрения современного подхода отмечается значение расширения спектра условно-патогенных видов, причастных к развитию микотической генерализованной патологии, а также поиску входных ворот возбудителей и условий их диссеминации, в первую очередь связанной с иммунными механизмами. Кратко охарактеризовано значение сопутствующих инфекционных процессов, как и сочетания самих микозов, показаны некоторые достижения последних лет в лабораторной диагностике микозов. Проведенный анализ нацеливает исследователей на поиск оптимальных способов прогнозирования возможных летальных исходов оппортунистических микозов у больных с ВИЧ/СПИД.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The second part of the literature review, on the analysis of the causes of deaths arising from nonbakterial opportunistic infections of the HIV/AIDS patients, includes the information about the role in this urgent problem of pathogenic fungi genera Pneumocystis, Cryptococcus, Candida. In the point of view of the modern approach the importance of expanding the range of conditionally pathogenic species implicated in the development of generalized mycotic pathology, as well as finding the entrance gate of pathogens and conditions of their dissemination primarily associated with immune mechanisms are noted. There is also summarized the value of the accompanying infectious processes and a combination of mycosis themselves. There are showed some of the recent years achievements in laboratory diagnosis of mycosis. The analysis focuses on finding the best ways for researchers to predict the possible deaths of opportunistic mycoses of the HIV/AIDS patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>токсоплазмоз</kwd><kwd>цитомегаловирусы</kwd><kwd>иммунодефицит</kwd><kwd>toxoplasmosis</kwd><kwd>cytomegalovirus</kwd><kwd>immunodeficiency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кулага В.В., Романенко И.М., Афонин С.Л., Кулага С.М. Аллергия и грибковые болезни. Руководство для врачей.- Луганск: Элтон-2.- 2005.- 520 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кулага В.В., Романенко И.М., Афонин С.Л., Кулага С.М. Аллергия и грибковые болезни. Руководство для врачей.- Луганск: Элтон-2.- 2005.- 520 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сергеев А.Ю., Сергеев Ю.В. 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