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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2025-17-4-98-109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-1104</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ распространенности мутаций лекарственной устойчивости ВИЧ-1 к ингибиторам протеазы и обратной транскриптазы на отдельных территориях Дальневосточного федерального округа в 2021–2024 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of HIV-1 drug resistance prevalence to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors in several territories of the Far Eastern Federal District during 2021–2024</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9824-7025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котова</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotova</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котова Валерия Олеговна - заведующая лабораторией эпидемиологии и профилактики вирусных гепатитов и СПИДа</p><p>680610, г. Хабаровск, ул. Шевченко, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kotova Valeriya Olegovna</p><p>Khabarovsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvaids@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3050-4472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Троценко</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trotsenko</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Троценко Ольга Евгеньевна - доктор медицинских наук, директор</p><p>680610, г. Хабаровск, ул. Шевченко, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khabarovsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adm@hniiem.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3209-7623</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балахонцева</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balakhontseva</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балахонцева Людмила Анатольевна - руководитель Дальневосточного окружного Центра по профилактике и борьбе со СПИД</p><p>680610, г. Хабаровск, ул. Шевченко, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khabarovsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvaids@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5695-6752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Базыкина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazykina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Базыкина Елена Анатольевна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологии и профилактики вирусных гепатитов и СПИДа</p><p>680610, г. Хабаровск, ул. Шевченко, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khabarovsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvaids@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Хабаровский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khabarovsk research institute of epidemiology and microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Котова В.О., Троценко О.Е., Балахонцева Л.А., Базыкина Е.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Котова В.О., Троценко О.Е., Балахонцева Л.А., Базыкина Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kotova V.O., Trotsenko O.E., Balakhontseva L.A., Bazykina E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1104">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1104</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования: проведение мониторинга лекарственной устойчивости ВИЧ-1 среди лиц, живущих с ВИЧ, не имеющих опыта приема антиретровирусной терапии, и оценка распространенности мутаций, обусловливающих лекарственную устойчивость среди пациентов с опытом приема антиретровирусных препаратов, проживающих на отдельных территориях ДФО.Материалы и методы. Обследовано 420 пациентов с диагнозом ВИЧ-инфекции, проживающих на 8 территориях Дальневосточного федерального округа. Мутации резистентности выявляли методом секвенирования амплифицированных фрагментов гена pol, кодирующего протеазу и часть обратной транскриптазы ВИЧ-1, с использованием тест-системы «АмплиСенс® HIV-Resist-Seq». Для получения информации о мутациях ЛУ использовали базу данных Стэнфордского университета HIVdb Program.Результаты и их обсуждение. В обследованной группе пациентов преобладал характерный для России суб-субтип A6, выявленный в 282 случаях (67,1%). В 49 случаях зафиксирован субтип В (11,7%), в 12 случаях — субтип С (2,9%), в 4 случаях — субтип G (1,0%). У одного пациента из Республики Саха (Якутия) определен субтип А7 (0,2%). У 72 пациентов (17,1%) обнаружены различные рекомбинантные формы вируса. Доля рекомбинантных форм, образованных субтипами А и G, среди общего количества данных геновариантов составила 80,6% (n=58). Надзорные мутации лекарственной устойчивости выявлены у 108 из 248 пациентов (43,5%), получающих антиретровирусные препараты, и у 6 из 172 (3,5%) пациентов без опыта терапии. Чаще всего лекарственная устойчивость развивалась к ненуклеозидным ингибиторам обратной транскриптазы как в группе наивных пациентов, так и у пациентов с опытом терапии.Заключение. Проведение регулярного мониторинга лекарственной устойчивости, как передаваемой, так и приобретенной, дает представление об эффективности мер, принимаемых в регионах Российской Федерации по профилактике и лечению ВИЧ-инфекции, и позволит разработать рекомендации по терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim: to perform surveillance over HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among people living with HIV without history of antiretroviral therapy as well as among those receiving antiretroviral treatment and residing in different territories of the Far Eastern Federal district.Materials and methods. A total number of 420 patients diagnosed with HIV-infection and residing in 8 constituent entities of the Far Eastern Federal district were examined. «AmpliSense® HIV-Resist-Seq» kit was used to perform sequencing of the amplified fragments of HIV-1 pol-gene coding protease and a part of reverse transcriptase to detect drug resistance mutations. Stanford University HIVdb Program was employed to retrieve information on drug-resistance mutations.Results and discussion: sub-subtype A6, which is prevalent in Russia, was also dominant in the surveyed group of patients and was isolated in 282 cases (67.1%). A total number of 49 samples were typed as subtype B (11.7%), 12 samples as subtype C (2.9%), 4 samples as subtype G (1.0%). Subtype A7 (0.2%) was detected in one patient from the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Different recombinant forms of the virus were identified in 72 patients (17.1%). Percentage of recombinant forms derived from subtypes A and G totaled 80.6% (n=58). Surveillance drug resistance mutations were revealed in 108 out of 248 patients undergoing antiretroviral treatment (43.5%) and in 6 out of 172 treatment-naïve patients (3.5%). Drug resistance to non-nucleoside inhibitors of reverse transcriptase drugs was most common in both treatment naïve patients and those with a prior experience of antiretroviral therapy.Conclusion: regular surveillance of acquired drug resistance provides insight into the effectiveness of HIV prevention and treatment programs in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and will allow the development of recommendations for treatment strategies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекция</kwd><kwd>антиретровирусная терапия</kwd><kwd>антиретровирусные препараты</kwd><kwd>мутации лекарственной устойчивости</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV-infection</kwd><kwd>antiretroviral treatment</kwd><kwd>antiretroviral drugs</kwd><kwd>drug resistance mutations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Teeraananchai S., Kerr S.J., Amin J., Ruxrungtham K., Law M.G. 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