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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2019-11-1-</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-339</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Фундаментальные и прикладные вопросы иммуносупрессий</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Fundamental and applied questions of immunosupressed</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДИСКОРДАНТНЫЙ ОТВЕТ CD4+ T-ЛИМФОЦИТОВ НА АНТИРЕТРОВИРУСНУЮ ТЕРАПИЮ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6355-6178</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмагель</surname><given-names>Константин Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заведующий лабораторией экологической иммунологии Института экологии и генетики микроорганизмов УрО РАН, профессор кафедры микробиологии и иммунологии Пермского государственного национального исследовательского университета</p><p>SPIN-код: 9181-7603; Scopus Author ID: 24081205900; </p><p>ResearcherID: J-8454-2018</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shmagel@iegm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Пермский федеральный исследовательский центр Уральского отделения Российской академии наук;&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Пермский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>339</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шмагель К.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шмагель К.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Шмагель К.В.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/339">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/339</self-uri><abstract><p>Стандартным результатом проведения антиретровирусной терапии (АРТ) у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов является подавление репликации вируса и восстановление численности CD4+ T-лимфоцитов. Однако у части больных (приблизительно у 20%) на фоне низкой вирусной нагрузки отмечается нарушение регенерации иммунокомпетентных клеток. В литературе для них был введен термин “immunological nonresponders” (англ.) – «иммунологические неответчики» (ИН). Причиной развития дискордантного иммунологического ответа на терапию может быть, как усиление гибели, так и уменьшение образования CD4+ T-клеток. Однако механизмы формирования низкого восстановительного потенциала иммунитета остаются недостаточно изученными. Известно, что у ИН по сравнению с пациентами, которые демонстрируют конкордантный ответ на лечение, наблюдается усиленная пролиферация лимфоцитов, повышенная иммунная активация, сокращение времени жизни CD4+ T-лимфоцитов. Состояние их иммунной системы характеризуется более яркими проявлениями истощения и старения. Это приводит к раннему и частому появлению СПИД-ассоциированных заболеваний. Кроме того, ИН подвержены высокому риску возникновения неассоциированных со СПИДом болезней, что обусловлено развитием выраженного системного воспаления. Представленный обзор направлен на освещение важной проблемы, возникающей при назначении АРТ, и привлечению к ее решению внимания специалистов.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>антиретровирусная терапия</kwd><kwd>дискордантный иммунологический ответ</kwd><kwd>«иммунологические неответчики»</kwd><kwd>гомеостатическая пролиферация</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>истощение и старение иммунной системы.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">РФФИ</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palella F.J., Delaney K.M., Moorman A.C., Loveless M.O., Fuhrer J., Satten G.A., Aschman D.J., Holmberg S.D., Investigators H.O.S. 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