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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2019-11-1-</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-363</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространенность оккультного гепатита B среди HBsAg-негативных лиц с ВИЧ инфекцией в Великом Новгороде.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2270-8897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Останкова</surname><given-names>Юлия Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной иммунологии.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shenna1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3223-8219</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.б.н., заместитель директора по инновационной работе ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера»; доцент кафедры иммунологии ГБОУ ВПО Первый Санкт-Петербургский Государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова МЗ РФ; доцент кафедры клинической лабораторной диагностики ГБОУ ВПО Северо-Западный Государственный медицинский университет им. И. И. Мечникова МЗ РФ.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexvsemenov@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуева</surname><given-names>Елена Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории экспериментальной вирусологии.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ezueva75@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4571-8799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тотолян</surname><given-names>Арег Артемович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Академик РАН, д.м.н., профессор, директор ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера»; заведующий кафедрой иммунологии ГБОУ ВПО Первый Санкт-Петербургский Государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова МЗ РФ.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">totolian@pasteurorg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ФБУН "Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера», ГБОУ ВПО Первый Санкт-Петербургский Государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова МЗ РФ, ГБОУ ВПО Северо-Западный Государственный медицинский университет им. И. И. Мечникова МЗ РФ</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-4"><institution>ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера», ГБОУ ВПО Первый Санкт-Петербургский Государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова МЗ РФ.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>363</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Останкова Ю.В., Семенов А.В., Зуева Е.Б., Тотолян А.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Останкова Ю.В., Семенов А.В., Зуева Е.Б., Тотолян А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Останкова Ю.В., Семенов А.В., Зуева Е.Б., Тотолян А.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/363">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/363</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>РЕЗЮМЕ</title><p>РЕЗЮМЕ.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить распространенность оккультного вируса гепатита В среди ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов с вирусологической неэффективностью антиретровирусной терапии в г. Великий Новгород.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В работе были использованы образцы плазмы крови от 76 HBsAg-негативных ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов с вирусологической неэффективностью антиретровирусной терапии из Великого Новгорода. Для выявления вируса гепатита В выделяли нуклеиновые кислоты с использованием коммерческого набора «АмплиПрайм Рибо-преп». Для амплификации и секвенирующей реакции использовали перекрывающиеся пары специфических праймеров, совместно фланкирующие фрагмент протяженностью 1475 пар оснований (п.о.), включающий рекомендованный для генотипирования вируса гепатита В регион Pre-S1/Pre-S2/S протяженностью 1169 п.о.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среди 76 образцов ДНК вируса гепатита В была обнаружен в 44 образцах, что составило 57,89%. Ни у одного из пациентов не был выявлен HBsAg, при этом у 6 пациентов (13,63%) выявлены антитела HBсor IgG и HBe IgG. На основании филогенетического анализа показано, что в обследованной группе выявлен только генотип D, являющийся наиболее распространенным генотипом вируса гепатита В в Российской Федерации. При этом преобладал субгенотип D2 (47,72%) по сравнению с субгенотипом D1 (34,09%) и субгенотипом D3 (18,18%). Обсуждаются возможные пути распространения нехарактерного для региона вируса гепатита В субгенотипа D1. Выявлен только один изолят вируса гепатита В с мутациями лекарственной устойчивости к терапии нуклеотидных / нуклеозидных аналогов - замещение аминокислот в гене полимеразы вируса (L180M, M204V), связанное с развитием резистентности к ламивудину, энтекавиру, телбивудину и тенофовиру.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Высокая распространенность оккультного гепатита В среди ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов свидетельствует о недостаточности применяемых в настоящее время тестов для диагностики хронических инфекций ВГВ. Идентификация оккультного гепатита В у ВИЧ-инфицированных лиц представляется целесообразной для своевременной терапии пациентов и требует применения более чувствительных методов.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>ABSTRACT</title><p>ABSTRACT.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To estimate the prevalence of the occult hepatitis B virus among HIV-infected patients with the virological ineffectiveness of antiretroviral therapy in Veliky Novgorod.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Blood plasma samples from 76 HBsAg-negative HIV-infected patients with virological inefficiency of antiretroviral therapy from Veliky Novgorod were used in the work. For the detection of the hepatitis B virus, nucleic acids were isolated using the commercial kit AmplePrime Ribo-prep. For amplification and sequencing, overlapping pairs of specific primers were used, jointly flanking a 1475 base pair (bp) fragment including the 1169 bp Pre-S1 / Pre-S2 / S region recommended for genotyping the hepatitis B virus.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Among 76 samples of hepatitis B virus DNA, 44 samples were found, which was 57,89%. None of the patients had HBsAg, and 6 patients (13,63%) had HBcor IgG and HBe IgG antibodies. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, it was shown that only genotype D, which is the most common genotype of the hepatitis B virus in the Russian Federation, was detected in the examined group. The subgenotype D2 (47,72%) prevailed in comparison with the subgenotype D1 (34,09%) and the subgenotype D3 (18,18%). The distribution possible ways of the subgenotype D1 hepatitis B virus, which is uncharacteristic for the region, are discussed. Only one isolate of hepatitis B virus with mutations of drug resistance to nucleotide / nucleoside analogue therapy has been identified - amino acid substitution in the polymerase gene of the virus (L180M, M204V) associated with the development of resistance to lamivudine, entecavir, telbivudine and tenofovir.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The high prevalence of occult hepatitis B among HIV-infected patients indicates a lack current tests for the diagnosis of chronic HBV infections. The identification of occult hepatitis B in HIV-infected individuals seems appropriate for timely treatment of patients and requires the use more sensitive methods.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Хронический вирусный гепатит В</kwd><kwd>оккультный гепатит В</kwd><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>генотип ВГВ</kwd><kwd>молекулярная эпидемиология.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yim H.J., Lok A.S. Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: what we knew in 1981 and what we know in 2005. Hepatology, 2006, v.43(2 S.1), P. S173–S181. DOI: 10.1002/hep.20956</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yim H.J., Lok A.S. Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: what we knew in 1981 and what we know in 2005. Hepatology, 2006, v.43(2 S.1), P. 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