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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2019-11-1-64-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-409</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТЬ ОККУЛЬТНОГО ГЕПАТИТА B СРЕДИ HBSAGНЕГАТИВНЫХ ЛИЦ С ВИЧ В ВЕЛИКОМ НОВГОРОДЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE PREVALENCE OF OCCULT HEPATITIS B AMONG HBSAG-NEGATIVE PERSONS WITH HIV IN VELIKY NOVGOROD</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Останкова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostankova</surname><given-names>Yu. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н.c. лаборатории молекулярной иммунологии ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shenna1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., зав. лабораторией вирусологии и иммунологии ВИЧ-инфекции, зам. директора по инновационной работе ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека; доцент кафедры иммунологии ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П.Павлова» МЗ РФ; доцент кафедры клинической лабораторной диагностики ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И.Мечникова» МЗ РФ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexvsemenov@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуева</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zueva</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., с.н.с. лаборатории экспериментальной вирусологии ФБУН «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ezueva75@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тотолян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Totolian</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАН, д.м.н., профессор, зав. лабораторией молекулярной иммунологии, директор ФБУН «СанктПетербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека; зав. кафедрой иммунологии ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П.Павлова» МЗ РФ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">totolian@pasteurorg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера»;&#13;
«Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П.Павлова»;&#13;
«Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И.Мечникова» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute;&#13;
First St. Petersburg state medical University named after academician I. P. Pavlov;&#13;
North-West State Medical University named after I.I.Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера»;&#13;
«Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П.Павлова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute;&#13;
First St. Petersburg state medical University named after academician I. P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Останкова Ю.В., Семенов А.В., Зуева Е.Б., Тотолян А.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Останкова Ю.В., Семенов А.В., Зуева Е.Б., Тотолян А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ostankova Y.O., Semenov A.V., Zueva E.B., Totolian A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/409">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/409</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: оценить распространенность «оккультного» вируса гепатита В среди ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов с вирусологической неэффективностью антиретровирусной терапии в г. Великий Новгород. Материалы и методы. В работе были использованы образцы плазмы крови от 76 HBsAg-негативных ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов с вирусологической неэффективностью антиретровирусной терапии из Великого Новгорода. Для выявления вируса гепатита В выделяли нуклеиновые кислоты с использованием коммерческого набора «АмплиПрайм Рибо-преп». Для амплификации и секвенирующей реакции использовали перекрывающиеся пары специфических праймеров, совместно фланкирующие фрагмент протяженностью 1475 пар оснований, включающий рекомендованный для генотипирования вируса гепатита В регион Pre-S1/Pre-S2/S протяженностью 1169 пар оснований. Результаты. Среди 76 образцов ДНК вируса гепатита В была обнаружена в 44 образцах, что составило 57,89%. Ни у одного из пациентов не был выявлен HBsAg, при этом у 6 пациентов (13,63%) выявлены антитела HBсor IgG и HBe IgG. На основании филогенетического анализа показано, что в обследованной группе выявлен только генотип D, являющийся наиболее распространенным генотипом вируса гепатита В в Российской Федерации. При этом преобладал субгенотип D2 (47,72%) по сравнению с субгенотипом D1 (34,09%) и субгенотипом D3 (18,18%). Обсуждаются возможные пути распространения нехарактерного для региона вируса гепатита В субгенотипа D1. Выявлен только один изолят вируса гепатита В с мутациями лекарственной устойчивости к терапии нуклеотидных/нуклеозидных аналогов — замещение аминокислот в гене полимеразы вируса (L180M, M204V), связанное с развитием резистентности к ламивудину, энтекавиру, телбивудину и тенофовиру. Заключение. Высокая распространенность «оккультного» гепатита В среди ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов свидетельствует о недостаточности применяемых в настоящее время тестов для диагностики хронических инфекций вируса гепатита В. Идентификация «оккультного» гепатита В у ВИЧ-инфицированных лиц представляется целесообразной для своевременной терапии пациентов и требует применения более чувствительных методов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim: to estimate the prevalence of the occult hepatitis B virus among HIV-infected patients with the virological ineffectiveness of antiretroviral therapy in Veliky Novgorod. Materials and methods. Blood plasma samples from 76 HBsAg-negative HIVinfected patients with virological inefficiency of antiretroviral therapy from Veliky Novgorod were used in the work. For the detection of the hepatitis B virus, nucleic acids were isolated using the commercial kit AmplePrime Ribo-prep. For amplification and sequencing, overlapping pairs of specific primers were used, jointly flanking a 1475 base pair fragment including the 1169 base pair Pre-S1/Pre-S2/S region recommended for genotyping the hepatitis B virus. Results. Among 76 samples of hepatitis B virus DNA, 44 samples were found, which was 57,89%. None of the patients had HBsAg, and 6 patients (13,63%) had HBcor IgG and HBe IgG antibodies. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, it was shown that only genotype D, which is the most common genotype of the hepatitis B virus in the Russian Federation, was detected in the examined group. The subgenotype D2 (47,72%) prevailed in comparison with the subgenotype D1 (34,09%) and the subgenotype D3 (18,18%). The distribution possible ways of the subgenotype D1 hepatitis B virus, which is uncharacteristic for the region, are discussed. Only one isolate of hepatitis B virus with mutations of drug resistance to nucleotide / nucleoside analogue therapy has been identified — amino acid substitution in the polymerase gene of the virus (L180M, M204V) associated with the development of resistance to lamivudine, entecavir, telbivudine and tenofovir. Conclusion. The high prevalence of occult hepatitis B among HIVinfected patients indicates a lack current tests for the diagnosis of chronic HBV infections. The identification of occult hepatitis B in HIV-infected individuals seems appropriate for timely treatment of patients and requires the use more sensitive methods.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический вирусный гепатит В</kwd><kwd>оккультный гепатит В</kwd><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>генотип ВГВ</kwd><kwd>молекулярная эпидемиология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>occult hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>HBV genotype</kwd><kwd>molecular epidemiology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yim H.J., Lok A.S. Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: what we knew in 1981 and what we know in 2005. 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