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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2019-11-2-94-102</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-443</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ КАЧЕСТВА СПЕРМЫ У МУЖЧИН С ВИЧ-ИНФЕКЦИЕЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS IN HIV-INFECTED MEN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селимова</surname><given-names>Ф. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selimova</surname><given-names>F. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирантка 1-го гинекологического отделения Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И.Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc.fselimova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перминова</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perminova</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., в.н.с. 1-го гинекологического отделения Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И.Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">perisvet@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митюрина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mityurina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., научный сотрудник 1-го гинекологического отделения Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И.Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mity-elena@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козырина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozyrina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., н.с. Федерального бюджетного учреждения науки «Центральный научно-исследовательский институтэпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nad-kozyrina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И.Кулакова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology Rospotrebnadzor</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Селимова Ф.Н., Перминова С.Г., Митюрина Е.В., Козырина Н.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Селимова Ф.Н., Перминова С.Г., Митюрина Е.В., Козырина Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Selimova F.N., Perminova S.G., Mityurina E.V., Kozyrina N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/443">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/443</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить влияние антиретровирусной терапии на  показатели спермограммы у  мужчин, инфицированных ВИЧ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено проспективное исследование случай-контроль у 66 мужчин с ВИЧ-инфекцией, которые обратились для оценки фертильности. 1 группу исследования составил 51 мужчина, все из них принимающие АРВТ; 2 группу — 15 мужчин, не получавших АРВТ. Проведена оценка 97 и 25 образцов спермы соответственно. Статус пациентов по ВИЧ-инфекции оценивали на основании данных о стадии и фазе заболевания, об уровне вирусной нагрузки, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ лимфоцитов и длительности АРВТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. В 1 группе «стаж» ВИЧ-инфекции на момент включения в исследование был статистически значимо выше, чем во 2 группе — 5 лет (2–9) и 2,5 года (0,4–4,5) соответственно, (р=0,0004). Медиана продолжительности приема препаратов в 1 группе составила 1,5 года. В группе пациентов, принимающих АРВТ, в структуре патозооспермии преобладала тератозооспермия (40%), доля патологических форм сперматозоидов в данной группе была статистически значимо выше по сравнению со 2 группой: 97 (96–98) и 96 (94,5–96,5), р=0,006). В 1 группе пациентов установлена отрицательная взаимосвязь числа аномальных сперматозоидов и уровня CD4+ лимфоцитов (r=–0,362; р=0,026), длительности заболевания с концентрацией сперматозоидов (r=–0,242; р=0,020) и числом прогрессивно-подвижных форм категории В (r=–0,241; р=0,024). Длительность АРВТ отрицательно коррелировала с числом прогрессивно-подвижных сперматозоидов категории В (r=–0,224; р=0,036). Во 2 группе пациентов была выявлена статистически значимая положительная взаимосвязь между уровнем СD4+ лимфоцитов, объемом эякулята (r=0,778; p=0,014) и количеством прогрессивно-подвижных сперматозоидов категории В (r=0,667; р=0,05). Также была обнаружена статистически значимая отрицательная взаимосвязь уровня вирусной нагрузки и объема эякулята (r=–0,669; р=0,035). При оценке процента фрагментации ДНК сперматозоидов было выявлено, что данный показатель был выше у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов, принимающих АРВТ по сравнению с ВИЧ-положительными мужчинами, не использовавшими терапию (15,8% (12,4–23) и 14% (10,9–20,5); р=0,533) соответственно. Таким образом, у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов, принимающих АРВТ, наблюдается патозооспермия, а именно увеличивается число патологических форм сперматозоидов, снижается их подвижность и повышается фрагментация ДНК сперматозоидов. Доля аномальных форм сперматозоидов выше при низких показателях СD4+ лимфоцитов. Концентрация сперматозоидов снижается, а количество их неподвижных форм увеличивается при длительном «стаже» ВИЧ-инфекции. У ВИЧ-положительных пациентов, не использующих АРВТ, при высоких уровнях вирусной нагрузки снижается объем эякулята, и этот же параметр возрастает при увеличении уровня CD4+ лимфоцитов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The goal of the study was to evaluate the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the semen characteristics in HIV-infected men.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A prospective case-control study enrolled 66 HIV-infected male patients who presented for fertility assessment. Group 1 included 51 male patients treated with ART; Group 2 included 15 males who were not receiving ART. 97 and 25 semen samples were analyzed, respectively. HIV status was assessed based on the data regarding the stage and phase of the disease, viral load, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ counts and the ART duration.</p></sec><sec><title>Study results</title><p>Study results. At enrollment in the study, the duration of HIV infection in Group 1 was longer than that in Group 2 (the difference being statistically significant): 5 years (2–9 years) versus 2,5 years (0,4–4,5), respectively (р=0,0004). Median duration of treatment in Group 1 was 1,5 years. The most common type of abnormal semen morphology in ART-treated patients was teratozoospermia (40%), and the percentage of abnormally shaped spermatozoa in this group was higher compared to Group 2 (the difference being statistically significant): 97 (96–98) versus 96 (94,5–96,5); р=0,006). Group 1 demonstrated a negative relationship between the count of abnormally shaped spermatozoa and CD4+ cell count (r=–0,362; р=0,026), disease duration (r=0,173; р=0,173) and sperm count (r=–0,242; р=0,020), progressively motile (category B) sperm count (r=–0,241; р=0,024). The ART duration showed an inverse correlation with the progressively motile sperm count (category B) (r=–0,224; р=0,036). Group 2 demonstrated a statistically significant positive relationship between the CD4+ cell count, the semen volume (r=0,778; p=0,014), and the count of progressively motile (category B) spermatozoa (r=0,667; р=0,05). We also revealed a statistically significant inverse relationship between the viral load and the semen volume (r=–0,669; р=0,035). Sperm DNA fragmentation was found to be higher in HIV-infected patients treated with ART compared to HIV-infected men not receiving ART (15,8% (12,4–23,0) and 14% (10,9–20,5); р=0,533), respectively. Thus, HIV-infected patients treated with ART demonstrated abnormal sperm morphology (increased abnormal sperm count), decreased sperm motility and increased sperm DNA fragmentation level. The percentage of abnormally shaped sperm was higher in patients with lower CD4+ cell counts. In patients with a long history of HIV infection, the sperm count decreases and the count of immotile spermatozoa increases. HIV-infected individuals who are not receiving ART and have high viral loads show decreased semen volume. This value increases upon an increase in the CD4+ cell count.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ)</kwd><kwd>антиретровирусная терапия (АРВТ)</kwd><kwd>ДНК-фрагментация</kwd><kwd>фертильность</kwd><kwd>бесплодие</kwd><kwd>спермограмма</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)</kwd><kwd>antiretroviral treatment (ART)</kwd><kwd>DNA fragmentation</kwd><kwd>fertility</kwd><kwd>infertility</kwd><kwd>semen analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Краснопольская К.В., Назаренко Т.А., Гафуров Ю.Т. Место вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий в реализации репродуктивной функции у ВИЧ-инфицированных // Российский вестник акушера-гинеколога. 2013. № 3. С. 47–55. 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