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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2020-12-3-51-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-558</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Cтереотипы представлений о ВИЧ-инфекции, способствующие росту эпидемии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Stereotypes of representations about HIV, contributing to the epidemic growth</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8714-9075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антонова Дарья Владимировна — старший лаборант кафедры психологии кризисных и экстремальных ситуаций факультета психологии Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»; психолог Санкт-Петербургского благотворительного фонда «Гуманитарное действие». SPIN-код: 3638–5952</p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, наб. Макарова, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darya V. Antonova</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">peaceineverybody@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-4576</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бочаров</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bocharov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бочаров Виктор Викторович — кандидат психологических наук, заведующий кафедрой клинической психологии Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; руководитель лаборатории клинической психологии и психодиагностики Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева»; доцент кафедры психологии кризисных и экстремальных ситуаций факультета психологии Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет». SPIN-код: 2199–6745</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, Литовская ул., д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor V. Bocharov</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bochvikvik@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0598-7479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хрусталева</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chrustaleva</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хрусталева Нелли Сергеевна — доктор психологических наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой психологии кризисных и экстремальных ситуаций факультета психологии. SPIN-код: 9486–2206</p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, наб. Макарова, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nelli S. Chrustaleva</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hns@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»; Санкт-Петербургский благотворительный фонд «Гуманитарное действие»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University; The Humanitarian Action Foundation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»; ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Минздрава РФ; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В. М. Бехтерева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University; V. M. Bekhterev’ National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Антонова Д.В., Бочаров В.В., Хрусталева Н.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Антонова Д.В., Бочаров В.В., Хрусталева Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Antonova D.V., Bocharov V.V., Chrustaleva N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/558">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/558</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования являлось изучение общепринятых искаженных представлений о ВИЧ-инфекции как предиктора роста эпидемии и как фактора, ухудшающего исходы заболевания.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовано 136 человек (50 лиц с гемоконтактным и 50 с гетеросексуальным путем заражения, 36 лиц без ВИЧ). Методы исследования — использовалась специальная клиническая карта и авторская анкета, позволяющая регистрировать особенности рискованного поведения, связанного с заражением, и характеристики жизненной ситуации болезни. Статистическая обработка включала вычисление первичных статистик, критерия Фишера, ANOVA.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Во всех группах отмечалась частая встречаемость искаженных представлений о ВИЧ-инфекции. Установлено отсутствие различий между заболевшими и здоровыми лицами по частоте тестирования на ВИЧ-инфекцию. Выявлены особенности жизненной ситуации болезни, связанные со способом передачи заболевания. Установлено наличие различий между ВИЧ-положительными лицами с разными путями заражения по частоте поздней диагностики, наличия СПИД, отказа от лечения. Результаты определяют необходимость повышения информированности населения о заболевании и коррекции искаженных представлений о нем.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to explore the common misconceptions about HIV as a determinant of the HIV epidemic growth and as a factor affecting disease outcomes.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study involved 136 persons (50 persons with blood-borne infection route, 50 persons with heterosexual transmission, 36 persons without HIV). As research methods a special clinical map was used, as well as an author’s questionnaire, which allows to register the characteristics of risky behavior in relation to infection and the characteristics of the life situation of the disease. Statistical data processing included the deﬁnition of primary statistics, the Fisher criterion, ANOVA.</p></sec><sec><title>Study results</title><p>Study results. A frequent occurrence of distorted representations about HIV was noted in all groups. It has been established that people living with HIV and healthy respondents do not differ in the frequency of HIV testing. The features of the life situation of the disease related to the method of the disease transmission were revealed in the study. It has been established that people living with HIV with different infection route differ in the frequency of late HIV diagnosis, the presence of AIDS, refusal of treatment. The results determine the need to increase public awareness of the disease and correct distorted representations about it.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>убеждения о ВИЧ</kwd><kwd>представления о ВИЧ</kwd><kwd>гетеросексуальный путь заражения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV</kwd><kwd>HIV beliefs</kwd><kwd>HIV representations</kwd><kwd>heterosexual transmission</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beyrer C. The expanding epidemic of HIV-1 in the Russian Federation // PLoS Med. 2017. Vol. 14. No. 11. P. e1002462. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002462.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beyrer C. The expanding epidemic of HIV-1 in the Russian Federation // PLoS Med. 2017. Vol. 14. No. 11. 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