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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2021-13-2-33-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-622</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANALYTICAL REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная эпидемиологическая и социально-демографическая характеристика туберкулеза и ВИЧ-инфекции у военнослужащих ВС РФ, США и Народно-освободительной армии Китая</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сomparative epidemiological and demographic characteristics of TB and HIV infections among military personnel of the Russian Federation and USA armed forces and armed forces of National liberation army of people’s Republic of Сhina</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5146-2147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русев</surname><given-names>И. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusev</surname><given-names>I. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Русев Илья Трифонович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедры организации здравоохранения и общественного здоровья</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 37</p><p>SPIN-код 8777–5473</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9154-7017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузин Александр Александрович —доктор медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры общей и военной эпидемиологии</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p><p>SPIN-код 6220–1218, Author ID 358877</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0660-852X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маликова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malikova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маликова Елена Александровна — преподаватель кафедры организации здравоохранения и общественного здоровья</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 37</p><p>SPIN-код 1838–5640; Author ID 1045147</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">malikovalena5@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4398-7525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козлов Константин Вадимович — доцент, доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры и клиники инфекционных болезней (с курсом медицинской паразитологии и тропических заболеваний)</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p><p>SPIN-код 7927–9076; Author ID 695979</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kosttiak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-1874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жданов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhdanov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жданов Константин Валерьевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент Российской академии наук (РАН), начальник кафедры и клиники инфекционных болезней (с курсом медицинской паразитологии и тропических заболеваний)</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p><p>SPIN-код 7895–2075; Author ID 552852</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhdanovkv.vma@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безносик</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beznosik</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Безносик Роман Валентинович — кандидат медицинских наук, начальник филиала — главный фтизиатр МО РФ, руководитель</p><p>141206, г. Пушкино, Московская область, Лесная ул., д. 67</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pushkino</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8385-337X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпущенко</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpushchenko</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпущенко Виталий Геннадьевич — кандидат медицинских наук преподаватель кафедры общей и военной эпидемиологии</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p><p>Author ID 872960</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vitalray@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6832-6988</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сечин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sechin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сечин Александр Александрович — начальник научно-исследовательской лаборатории (регистр инфекционной патологии и ВИЧ-инфицированных военнослужащих) научно-исследовательского центра</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p><p>SPIN-код 5002–8222</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1995-0092</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булыгин</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulygin</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Булыгин Максим Алексеевич — адъюнкт при кафедре инфекционных болезней (с курсом медицинской паразитологии и тропических заболеваний)</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kotosupa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-6903</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шинкарева</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shinkareva</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шинкарева Ольга Георгиевна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший преподаватель кафедры организации здравоохранения и общественного здоровья</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 37</p><p>SPIN-код 3446–7464</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o-shinkareva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1586-6635</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орлова Елена Станиславовна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник НИО (Всеармейский медицинский регистр Министерства обороны Российской Федерации) научно-исследовательской лаборатории (регистр инфекционной патологии и ВИЧ-инфицированных военнослужащих) научно-исследовательского центра</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p><p>SPIN-код 9424–9235; Author ID 879889</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igo98@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4048-7947</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечаева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechaeva</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нечаева Юлия Валерьевна — ординатор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии</p><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские Горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">julia11_04@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Филиал № 12 «1586 Военно-клинический госпиталь (туберкулезный)»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Branch No. 12 of 1586 naval clinical hospital (Tuberculosis)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Русев И.Т., Кузин А.А., Маликова Е.А., Козлов К.В., Жданов К.В., Безносик Р.В., Карпущенко В.Г., Сечин А.А., Булыгин М.А., Шинкарева О.Г., Орлова Е.С., Нечаева Ю.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Русев И.Т., Кузин А.А., Маликова Е.А., Козлов К.В., Жданов К.В., Безносик Р.В., Карпущенко В.Г., Сечин А.А., Булыгин М.А., Шинкарева О.Г., Орлова Е.С., Нечаева Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rusev I.T., Kuzin A.A., Malikova E.A., Kozlov K.V., Zhdanov K.V., Beznosik R.V., Karpushchenko V.G., Sechin A.A., Bulygin M.A., Shinkareva O.G., Orlova E.S., Nechaeva Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/622">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/622</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>В 2018 г</title><p>В 2018 г. во всем мире от туберкулеза умерло более 1,7 млн человек, 770 тыс. человек от ВИЧ-инфекции. В соответствии с Целями устойчивого развития Организации Объединенных Наций и стратегией Всемирной организации здравоохранения по борьбе с туберкулезом к 2030 году всем странам необходимо добиться снижения заболеваемости туберкулезом на 80% и снижения смертности от туберкулеза на 90%. В соответствии с целями Объединенной программы Организации Объединенных Наций по ВИЧ/СПИД (ЮНЭЙДС) «90–90–90» страны должны достигнуть к 2020 г. следующих показателей: «90% человек с ВИЧ-инфекцией должны знать свой ВИЧ-статус, 90% из тех, кто знает о своей ВИЧ-инфекции, получать лечение, и у 90% человек из тех, кто лечится, вирусная нагрузка не должна определяться».</p><p>Для Российской Федерации (РФ) социально значимые заболевания представляют серьезную проблему. РФ входит в список 30 стран с высоким уровнем заболеваемости туберкулезом и занимает третье место по туберкулезу со множественной лекарственной устойчивостью и шестое место по распространенности ВИЧ-инфекции. Каждый год только у военнослужащих Вооруженных Сил Российской Федерации диагностируется более 150 новых случаев туберкулеза и свыше 50 случаев ВИЧ-инфекции.</p><p>Лечение одного пациента с туберкулезом может обходиться Министерству обороны РФ от 300 тыс. до 1,5 млн рублей, а ежегодные расходы в военной системе здравоохранения, связанные с затратами на противотуберкулезные препараты, могут превышать десятки миллионов рублей. С учетом сложившейся демографической ситуации в мире и РФ заболеваемость туберкулезом и ВИЧ-инфекцией приобретает особенно важное значение и влияет на обороноспособность государств.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: анализ современной эпидемиологической ситуации по туберкулезу и ВИЧ-инфекции в ВС РФ и иностранных армиях, обобщение отечественного и зарубежного опыта в организации оказания медицинской помощи военнослужащим с данными заболеваниями.</p><p>Данные отчетов медицинской службы и обзор отечественной и иностранной литературы позволили оценить заболеваемость туберкулезом и ВИЧ-инфекцией военнослужащих ВС РФ и иностранных государств, а также охарактеризовать сложившуюся систему оказания медицинской помощи данной категории пациентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>More than 1,7 million people, 770 thousand people from HIV infection, died from tuberculosis worldwide in 2018. In accordance with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the World Health Organization’s strategy to fight tuberculosis, all countries need to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis by 80% and reduce the death rate from tuberculosis by 90% by 2030. According to the Joint United Nations programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) goals of «90–90–90», countries should achieve the following indicators by 2020: «90% of people living with HIV infection should know their HIV status; 90% of those who know about their HIV infection should receive treatment, and 90% of those who are being treated should not have their viral load determined». Socially significant diseases are a serious problem for the Russian Federation (RF). The RF is one of 30 countries with a high incidence of tuberculosis and ranks 3rd place in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and 6th place in the prevalence of HIV infection. Socially significant diseases present a serious problem for the Armed Forces of the RF. 150 new cases of tuberculosis, over 50 cases of HIV infection are diagnosed every year among military personnel of the RF Armed Forces.</p><p>The purpose of the study is to analyze the current epidemiological situation of tuberculosis and HIV infection in the armed forces of the Russian Federation and foreign armies, to generalize domestic and foreign experience in the organization of medical care for military personnel with these diseases.</p><p>Data from reports of the medical service and a review of domestic Russian and foreign medical literature allowed us to assess TB and HIV sickness rate among military personnel in the RF and foreign states, as well as to characterize the current system of medical care for this category of patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>военнослужащие</kwd><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>множественная лекарственная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>латентная туберкулезная инфекция</kwd><kwd>вирус иммунодефицита человека</kwd><kwd>организация оказания медицинской помощи</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>military personnel</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>MDR-TB</kwd><kwd>latent-TB</kwd><kwd>human immunodeficiency virus</kwd><kwd>organization medical care</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Duan W., Zhang W., Wu C. 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