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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2022-14-2-40-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-720</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нежелательные явления на фоне антиретровирусной терапии у детей с ВИЧ-инфекцией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Аdverse events underlying antiretroviral therapy in children with HIV infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-9144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордон</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordon</surname><given-names>E. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гордон Евгения Олеговна — врач-инфекционист </p><p>620102, Екатеринбург, ул. Ясная, стр. 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenia O. Gordon </p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gordonevgeniya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ястребова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yastrebova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ястребова Елена Борисовна — д.м.н., профессор кафедры социально-значимых инфекций и фтизиопульмонологии; ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8, кор. 4</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p><p>SPIN-код 3088–5654</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena_yastrebova@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2523-3794</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подымова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podymova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Подымова Анжелика Сергеевна — д.м.н., главный врач</p><p>620102, Екатеринбург, ул. Ясная, стр. 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glvrach@livehiv.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Свердловский областной центр профилактики и борьбы со СПИД</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Center for AIDS Prevention and Control</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова; Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University; St. Petersburg Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гордон Е.О., Ястребова Е.Б., Подымова А.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гордон Е.О., Ястребова Е.Б., Подымова А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gordon E.О., Yastrebova E.B., Podymova A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/720">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/720</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Инфицирование вирусом иммунодефицита человека может изменить свойства сосудов у детей и повлиять в будущем на риск сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. На сегодняшний день доля влияния непосредственно как ВИЧ-инфекции, так и антиретровирусной терапии в эти изменения у детей неизвестна.Цель исследования. Оценить нежелательные явления, в том числе метаболические нарушения (дислипидемии) на фоне антиретровирусной терапии, определить связь между метаболическими нарушениями и повреждением интимы сосудов у детей, получающих антиретровирусную терапию (АРТ).Материалы и методы. Исследование нежелательных явлений носило проспективно-ретроспективный характер. В ходе проводимого исследования оценивались биохимические показатели в зависимости от схемы лечения, рассчитывали индекс атерогенности, а также частоту встречаемости дислипидемии у детей. Помимо стандартных обследований у детей, получающих АРТ, исследовали наличие инсулинорезистентности (с использованием индекса HOMA-IR), а из инструментальных исследований проведена УЗДГ сосудов головы и шеи.Результаты и их обсуждение. Среди детей, получающих АРТ на основе ИП, отмечаются более высокие показатели ОХ, ЛПНП, ТГ как по сравнению с детьми, получающими АРТ на основе ННИОТ, так и с детьми, не получающих АРТ. Уровень ЛПВП у детей, получающих АРТ, оставался в пределах допустимых значений на протяжении длительного приема АРТ, а также был достоверно выше по сравнению с группой детей без АРТ. Показатели тКИМ были выше у детей, получающих АРТ на основе ННИОТ, по сравнению с группой детей, получающих лечение на основе ИП, а проведенный корреляционный анализ выявил положительную корреляцию между возрастом начала АРТ и тКИМ: чем позже назначена АРТ, тем больше показатель тКИМ, что вероятно связано с действием ВИЧ.Заключение. При позднем начале антиретровирусной терапии отмечаются изменения комплекса интима–медиа сосудов, что может свидетельствовать о вазопротективном эффекте терапии. Вследствие прямого действия ВИЧ на повреждение интимы сосудов рекомендовано начинать лечение ВИЧ-инфекции у детей сразу после установления диагноза, а у детей с поздним началом АРТ и развитием дислипидемии как дополнительное обследование можно рекомендовать проведение УЗДГ с определением тКИМ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Human immunodeficiency virus infection can alter properties of blood vessels in children and increase the risk of development of cardiovascular diseases in the future. Today the actual contribution of the effects of both HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy into such changes remains unknown. Objective. We seek to assess adverse events, including metabolic disorders (dyslipidemias), underlying antiretroviral therapy, and to determine the relation between metabolic disorders and intima injury in children receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).Materials and methods. The adverse events were investigated within the framework of a prospective and retrospective study. The study included evaluation of biochemical parameters in relation to the therapeutic regimen; calculation of atherogenic index of plasma; and determination of incidence of dyslipidemia in children. In addition to standard tests, children on ART were evaluated for insulin resistance (using HOMA-IR) and submitted to diagnostic imaging including Doppler ultrasonography of brachiocephalic arteries and veins.Results. Children on protease inhibitor-based ART have higher total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride levels in comparison to both children on NNRTI-based ART and children who do not receive ART. LDL levels in children on long-term ART remained within the tolerance range and were clearly higher than those in children who did not receive ART. Carotid IMT was higher in children on NNRTI-based ART in comparison to those who received protease inhibitor-based therapy; and the correlation analysis conducted revealed positive correlation between the age and carotid IMT: The later ART was prescribed, the greater IMT was, which most likely was attributable to HIV effects.Conclusion. Prescription of antiretroviral therapy at an older age results in changes in the intima-media complex, which may give evidence to vasoprotective effects of the therapy. Since HIV is directly involved in causing injury to the intima, it is advisable to start managing HIV infection in children as soon as they are diagnosed with the infection; and children to whom ART is prescribed at an older age and who develop dyslipidemia should be additionally evaluated by medical imaging with Doppler ultrasonography with carotid IMT measurement.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антиретровирусная терапия</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>дислипидемия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>аntiretroviral therapy</kwd><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>dyslipidemia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воронин Е.Е., Латышева И.Б. Об итогах службы по профилактике и борьбе со СПИДом в Российской Федерации // Уральский медицинский журнал. 2020. № 4 (187). С. 5–6. [Voronin E.E., Latysheva I.B. 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