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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2014-6-1-59-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-8</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ СЛУЖБЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ORGANIZATION OF THE SERVICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ЭПИДЕМИИ ВИРУСА ИММУНОДЕФИЦИТА ЧЕЛОВЕКА В САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MODELING THE EXPANSION OF THE HIV EPIDEMIC IN ST. PETERSBURG, RF</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хеймер</surname><given-names>Роберт</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Heimer</surname><given-names>Robert</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">robert.heimer@yale.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миллс</surname><given-names>Харриет Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mills</surname><given-names>Harriet L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уайт</surname><given-names>Эдвард</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>White</surname><given-names>Edward</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Викерман</surname><given-names>Питер</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vickerman</surname><given-names>Peter</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колийн</surname><given-names>Кэролин</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Colijn</surname><given-names>Carolyn</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Йельская школа здравоохранения; Центр Междисциплинарных исследований по СПИДу</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yale School of Public Health and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Имперский колледж</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Imperial College London</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Лондонский институт гигиены и тропической медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хеймер Р., Миллс Х.Л., Уайт Э., Викерман П., Колийн К., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хеймер Р., Миллс Х.Л., Уайт Э., Викерман П., Колийн К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Heimer R., Mills H.L., White E., Vickerman P., Colijn C.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/8">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/8</self-uri><abstract><p>Высокая распространенность ВИЧ-инфекции и большое количество незащищенных половых контактов, отмечаемое среди потребителей инъекционных наркотиков в Санкт-Петербурге, привело к предположению, что передача ВИЧ половым путем от ПИН к их гетеросексуальным партнерам, не употребляющим инъекционные наркотики (PIDUs), может генерировать самоподдерживающуюся гетеросексуальную эпидемию. Мы построили математическую модель, которая включала поведенческий опрос ПИН Санкт-Петербурга и их половых партнеров в эпидемическую модель, которая сочетала в себе модели сексуальных партнеров ПИН и не-ПИН, чтобы дать представление о передаче ВИЧ половым путем, и детерминированную модель парентеральной передачи среди ПИН. Мы сравнили эпидемиологическую модель, основанную на полученных данных исследований, проведенных в Санкт-Петербурге с целенаправленным тестированием ПИН. Модель позволяет внимательно отслеживать обе формы исследований. Результат моделирования выявляет постоянную распространенность ВИЧ около 50% среди ПИН, увеличивая распространенность среди их партнеров, не употребляющих инъекционные наркотики, и населения в целом, достигающего 14% и 2%, соответственно к 2025 году. Эти высокие показатели распространенности ВИЧ-инфекции за пределами популяции ПИН происходят из-за того, что парентеральная передача способствует развитию эпидемии, и мостики, представленные гетеросексуальными партнерами ПИН, не употребляющие инъекционные наркотики играют решающую роль в передаче инфекции среди населения в целом. Это означает, что половой путь передачи может поддерживать эпидемию ВИЧ среди не-ПИН в случае невозможности остановки парентерального пути. Таким образом, ключ к контролю за эпидемией является в снижении передачи среди ПИН с сочетанием программ профилактики и применения антиретровирусной терапии для снижения вирусной нагрузки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The high prevalence of HIV infection and substantial rates of unprotected sexual intercourse reported among injection drug users in St. Petersburg has led to speculation that sexual transmission of HIV from IDUs to their non-injecting heterosexual partners (PIDUs) may generate a self-sustaining, heterosexual epidemic. We constructed a mathematical model that incorporated behavioral data from a survey of St. Petersburg IDUs and their sexual partners into an epidemic model that combines a network model of sexual partnerships of IDUs and non-IDUs to represent sexual transmission of HIV and a deterministic model for parenteral transmission among IDUs. We compared the model to surveillance data obtained from testing conducted throughout St. Petersburg and from targeted testing of IDUs. The model closely follows both forms of surveillance. The model outputs reveal a constant HIV prevalence of approximately 50% among IDUs, increasing prevalence among PIDUs and the general population reaching 14% and 2%, respectively, by 2025. These high HIV prevalences outside of IDUs occur because parenteral transmission drives the epidemic and the PIDU bridge population plays a crucial role transferring infection into the general population. This implies that sexual transmission could sustain a non-IDU HIV epidemic but only if parenteral trans mission remains unchecked. Thus, the key to epidemic control is reducing transmission among IDUs by a combination of prevention programs and antiretroviral treatment to reduce viral load.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Распространенность ВИЧ-инфекции</kwd><kwd>потребители инъекционных наркотиков</kwd><kwd>моделирование эпидемии</kwd><kwd>передача парентеральным и половым путем</kwd><kwd>контроль за эпидемией</kwd><kwd>HIV Prevalence</kwd><kwd>Injection Drug Users</kwd><kwd>Epidemic Modeling</kwd><kwd>Parenteral and Sexual Transmission</kwd><kwd>Epidemic Control</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ostrovsky D.V. Twelve years long journey.- St. Petersburg: Vozvrastcheniye Foundation, 2000.- 120 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ostrovsky D.V. 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