aidsВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессииHIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders2077-9828Baltic Medical Education Center10.22328/2077-9828-2023-15-2-19-36aids-807Research ArticleАНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ОБЗОРЫANALYTICAL REVIEWSКогнитивный тренинг как технология защиты и восстановления функций центральной нервной системы у пациентов с инфекционной патологиейCognitive training as a technology for protecting and restoring the functions of the central nervous system in patients with infectious pathologyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5052-9661ХохловаГ. Н.KhokhlovaG. N.

Хохлова Галина Николаевна — аспирант кафедры общей и клинической психологии

197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8

St. Petersburg

galya@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1866-0926КольцоваО. В.KoltsovaO. V.

Кольцова Ольга Владимировна — кандидат психологических наук, доцент кафедры клинической психологии

199178, Санкт-Петербург, 12-я линия В.О., д. 13, лит. А

St. Petersburg

ovkoltsova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7731-7693ИсаеваЕ. Р.IsaevaE. R.

Исаева Елена Рудольфовна — доктор психологических наук, заведующая кафедрой общей и клинической психологии

197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8

St. Petersburg

isajeva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7478БоеваЕ. В.BoevaE. V.

Боева Екатерина Валериевна — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением хронической вирусной инфекции, врач-инфекционист; ассистент кафедры социально значимых инфекций и фтизиопульмонологии

197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14

St. Petersburg

kathrine.boeva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-0101РассохинВ. В.RassokhinV. V.

Рассохин Вадим Владимирович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры социально-значимых инфекций; ведущий научный сотрудник отдела экологической физиологии; ведущий научный сотрудник

197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, д. 12

St. Petersburg

ras-doc@mail.ruПервый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. ПавловаРоссияPavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical UniversityRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный институт психологии и социальной работыРоссияSt. Petersburg State Institute of Рsychology and Social WorkRussian FederationПервый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова; Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени ПастераРоссияPavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University; Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and MicrobiologyRussian FederationПервый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова; Санкт-Петербургский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера; Институт экспериментальной медициныРоссияPavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University; Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology; Institute of Experimental MedicineRussian Federation2023200720231521936Copyright © Хохлова Г.Н., Кольцова О.В., Исаева Е.Р., Боева Е.В., Рассохин В.В., 20232023Хохлова Г.Н., Кольцова О.В., Исаева Е.Р., Боева Е.В., Рассохин В.В.Khokhlova G.N., Koltsova O.V., Isaeva E.R., Boeva E.V., Rassokhin V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/807

Многие инфекционные заболевания по-прежнему обладают медико-социальной значимостью. Их позднее выявление и несвоевременно начатое лечение становится причиной стойкого нарушения здоровья, приводящего к ранней потере трудоспособности и инвалидизации. Медикаментозная терапия позволила значительно снизить смертность среди людей на фоне или после перенесенных инфекций, увеличив продолжительность и повысив качество жизни. Однако поражения нервной системы при вирусе иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ), вирусных гепатитах, новой коронавирусной и других инфекциях и связанные с ними нейрокогнитивные расстройства вызывают большое беспокойство, оставаясь сложными и клинически важными проблемами.

Авторами проведен аналитический обзор публикаций и собственных исследований, основанных на опыте реализации когнитивного тренинга в программах нейрокогнитивной реабилитации, доказавших свою эффективность для пациентов с когнитивными расстройствами на фоне социально значимых инфекций и коморбидных состояний.

Many infectious diseases still have medical and social significance, the late detection and untimely treatment of which causes persistent health disorders, leading to early disability. Drug therapy has significantly reduced mortality among people on the background or after infections, increasing the duration and quality of life. However, lesions of the nervous system in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), viral hepatitis, new coronavirus and other infections, and related neurocognitive disorders cause great concern, are accompanied by complex and clinically important problems.

The authors conducted an analytical review of publications and their own research based on the experience of implementing cognitive training in neurocognitive rehabilitation programs that have proven their effectiveness for patients with cognitive disorders against the background of socially significant infections and comorbid conditions.

вирусные инфекциивирус иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ)вирусный гепатит С (ВГС)ассоциированные нейрокогнитивные расстройства (АНР)постковидный синдромкогнитивные функциикогнитивные нарушениякогнитивный тренингviral infectionshuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)hepatitis Cassociated neurocognitive disorderspost-COVID syndromecognitive functionscognitive impairmentcognitive trainingИсследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда No 23–45–10017, в рамках российско-белорусского сотрудничества. https://rscf.ru/project/23–45–10017/ReferencesAllavena C., Hanf M., Rey D. et al. Antiretroviral exposure and comorbidities in an aging HIV-infected population: The challenge of geriatric patients // PloS One. 2018. Vol. 13, No. 9. Р. e0203895. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203895.Allavena C., Hanf M., Rey D. et al. Antiretroviral exposure and comorbidities in an aging HIV-infected population: The challenge of geriatric patients // PloS One. 2018. Vol. 13, No. 9. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.