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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2023-15-3-95-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-829</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структура распределения маркеров некоторых гемоконтактных инфекций среди лиц из пенитенциарных учреждений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The structure of some blood-borne infections distribution among persons from penitentiary institutions the markers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1882-529X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ануфриева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anufrieva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ануфриева Екатерина Владимировна  — корреспондирующий автор  — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии и  вирусологии ВИЧ-инфекции</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kate.an21@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0547-3945</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серикова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Серикова Елена Николаевна — научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии и вирусологии ВИЧ-инфекции</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena.donetsk.serikova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2270-8897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Останкова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostankova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Останкова Юлия Владимировна — кандидат биологических наук, заведующая лабораторий иммунологии и вирусологии ВИЧ-инфекции, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной иммунологии </p><p>197101, СанктПетербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shenna1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-3674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щемелев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchemelev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щемелев Александр Николаевич — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии и вирусологии ВИЧ-инфекции</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tvildorm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0078-9681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыденко</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydenko</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давыденко Владимир Сергеевич — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии и вирусологии ВИЧ-инфекции, аспирант</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimir_david@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0931-102X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рейнгардт</surname><given-names>Д. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reingardt</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рейнгардт Диана Эдуардовна — врач клинико-лабораторной диагностики отделения диагностики ВИЧ-инфекции и СПИД-ассоциированных заболеваний </p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dianavalutite008@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0579-110X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуева</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zueva</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зуева Елена Борисовна — кандидат биологических наук, биолог отделения диагностики ВИЧ-инфекции и СПИД-ассоциированных заболеваний </p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ezueva75@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4571-8799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тотолян</surname><given-names>Арег А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Totolian</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тотолян Арег Артемович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, заведующий лабораторией молекулярной иммунологии, директор; заведующий кафедрой иммунологии</p><p> 197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">totolian@pasteurorg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера; Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute; Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ануфриева Е.В., Серикова Е.Н., Останкова Ю.В., Щемелев А.Н., Давыденко В.С., Рейнгардт Д.Э., Зуева Е.Б., Тотолян А.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ануфриева Е.В., Серикова Е.Н., Останкова Ю.В., Щемелев А.Н., Давыденко В.С., Рейнгардт Д.Э., Зуева Е.Б., Тотолян А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anufrieva E.V., Serikova E.N., Ostankova Y.V., Shchemelev A.N., Davydenko V.S., Reingardt D.E., Zueva E.B., Totolian A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/829">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/829</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования являлась оценка встречаемости серологических и молекулярно-генетических маркеров ВИЧинфекции, вирусных гепатитов В и С среди лиц, пребывающих в следственном изоляторе.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Материалом исследования послужили 138 образцов плазмы крови, полученных от мужчин, пребывающих в следственном изоляторе Санкт-Петербурга. Пациенты были обследованы методом ИФА на наличие серологических маркеров ВИЧ-инфекции (Аг/Ат ВИЧ), вирусных гепатитов В (HBsAg, анти-HBs IgG, анти-HBcore IgG) и С (анти-HCV IgG). Определение РНК ВИЧ и ВГС, а также ДНК ВГВ проводили методом ПЦР с гибридизационно-флуоресцентной детекцией в режиме «реального времени». ДНК ВГВ с низкой вирусной нагрузкой выявляли при помощи методики, разработанной во ФБУН НИИЭМ им. Пастера.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. При оценке общей распространенности серологических маркеров, маркеры ВИЧ-инфекции были обнаружены у  55 (39,86%) пациентов, гепатита В  — у  73 (52,90%), гепатита С  — у  83 (60,14%). Одновременно маркеры ВИЧ-инфекции и ГВ выявлены у 6 (4,35%) обследованных, ВИЧ-инфекции и ГС у 17 (12,32%), ГВ и ГС у 22 (15,94%) лиц, ко всех трем инфекциям в 26 (18,84%) случаев. У 22 (15,94%) человек не обнаружено ни одного из анализируемых маркеров. РНК ВИЧ была выявлена у 23,19%, РНК ВГС — у 46,38%, ДНК ВГВ — у 10,14% обследованных. При этом ДНК ВГВ с низкой вирусной нагрузкой (менее 50 МЕ/мл) была обнаружена в 7,97% случаев, включая 6,52% серонегативных образцов. Одновременно РНК ВИЧ и ВГС выявлены у 6,52%, РНК ВГС и ДНК ВГВ у  2,17% пациентов. Молекулярно-биологические маркеры всех трех инфекций обнаружены у  1,45% пациентов. Обследованная группа была ранжирована по возрастам на следующие подгруппы: 21–30 лет (12,32%), 31–40 лет (34,78%), 41–50 лет (37,68%) и старше 51 года (15,22%). Определены достоверные различия в распространенности и распределении анализируемых серологических и молекулярно-биологических маркеров между возрастными группами, наибольшая частота показана для групп 31–40 и 41–50 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о высокой распространенности ВИЧ-инфекции и парентеральных вирусных гепатитов В  и  С среди лиц, осужденных и  ожидающих этапирования в  следственном изоляторе. Пристальное внимание необходимо обратить на поступающих в пенитенциарные учреждения, так как многие осужденные не осведомлены о своем заболевании и могут стать источником инфицирования. Регулярные обследования заключенных в динамике, включающие лабораторную диагностику с использованием высокочувствительных молекулярно-биологических методов, при поступлении в пенитенциарное учреждение, а затем ежегодно и при выходе на свободу, должны рассматриваться как необходимые меры профилактики заражения ВИЧ, ВГВ, ВГС.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of serological and molecular genetic markers of HIV infection, viral hepatitis B and C among persons in pre-trial detention.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The material of the study identified 138 samples of blood sequences obtained from men in the pretrial detention center in St. Petersburg. Patients were examined by ELISA for the presence of serological markers of HIV infection (Ag/Ab HIV), HBV (HBsAg, antiHBs IgG, anti-HBcore IgG) and HCV (anti-HCV IgG). Determination of HIV and HCV RNA, as well as HBV DNA by PCR with hybridization-fluorescence detection in «real time» mode. HBV DNA with a low viral form was detected using a technique developed at the Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. With the prevalence of the general prevalence of serological markers, markers of HIV infection were detected in 55 (39.86%) patients, HBV — in 73 (52.90%), HCV — in 83 (60.14%). the same markers of HIV infection and HBV were detected in 6 (4.35%) examined, HIV infection and HCV in 17 (12.32%), HBV and HCV in 22 (15.94%) persons, to all three infections in 26 (18.84%) cases. In 22 (15.94%) people did not notice any of the analyzed markers. HIV RNA was found in 23.19%, HCV RNA — in 46.38%, HBV DNA — in 10.14% of the examined. At the same time, HBV DNA with a low viral form (less than 50 IU/ml) was detected in 7.97% of cases, including 6.52% of seronegative samples. Simultaneously, HIV and HCV RNA were detected in 6.52%, HCV RNA and HBV DNA in 2.17% of patients. Molecular biological markers of all three indicators were found in 1.45% of patients. The examined group was ranked by age into the following subgroups: 21– 30 years old (12.32%), 31–40 years old (34.78%), 41–50 years old (37.68%) and older than 51 years old (15.22%). Certain differences in the prevalence and distribution of the analysis of serological and molecular biological markers between age markers, the highest frequency was found for groups of 31–40 and 41–50 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results obtained indicate a high prevalence of HIV infections and parenteral viral hepatitis B and C among persons convicted and awaiting a stage in a pre-trial detention center. Careful attention must be paid to their admission to penitentiary institutions, since many convicts are not aware of their morbidity and may become infected. Regular conclusions, concluded in dynamics, including laboratory diagnostics using highly sensitive molecular biological methods, upon admission to a penitentiary institution, and then annually and upon release, should be taken into account as measures to prevent infection with HIV, HBV, HCV.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ</kwd><kwd>ВГВ</kwd><kwd>ВГС</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>гепатит С</kwd><kwd>гепатит В</kwd><kwd>серологические маркеры</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-биологические маркеры</kwd><kwd>ключевые группы населения</kwd><kwd>заключенные</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV</kwd><kwd>HBV</kwd><kwd>HCV</kwd><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>hepatitis C</kwd><kwd>hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>serological markers</kwd><kwd>molecular biological markers</kwd><kwd>key population</kwd><kwd>prisoners</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Easterbrook P.J., Roberts T., Sands A., Peeling R. 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