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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2023-15-4-73-85</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-854</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Демографические и клинические характеристики ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов г. Екатеринбурга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Demographic and clinical characteristics of HIV-infected patients in Ekaterinburg</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-018X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волкова Светлана Борисовна — врач-инфекционист, заведующая клинико-диагностическим отделением № 3 </p><p>620102, Екатеринбург, ул. Ясная, стр. 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetlana@olvo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7345-0801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подымова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podymova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Подымова Анжелика Сергеевна — доктор медицинских наук, главный врач </p><p>620102, Екатеринбург, ул. Ясная, стр. 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glvrach@livehiv.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Свердловский областной центр профилактики и борьбы со СПИД</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sverdlovsk Regional Center for AIDS Prevention and Control</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>85</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волкова С.Б., Подымова А.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волкова С.Б., Подымова А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volkova S.B., Podymova A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/854">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/854</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение демографических и клинических особенностей пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией при постановке на учет в период с 2016 по 2020 г. в городе Екатеринбурге.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на базе ГАУЗ СО «Свердловский областной центр профилактики и борьбы со СПИД» г. Екатеринбурга. Были ретроспективно проанализированы данные 4222 пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией, вставших на учет в период с 2016 по 2020 г.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. Данное исследование включило большое количество пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией, вставших на учет в течение 5 лет, что позволило комплексно оценить портрет пациента с ВИЧ-инфекцией на современном этапе, отражая демографические и клинические параметры когорты. Отмечена тенденция снижения выявляемости ВИЧинфекции с 2016 по 2020 гг.; сокращения сроков от выявления ВИЧ-инфекции до начала диспансерного наблюдения и назначения антиретровирусной терапии (АРТ); увеличения доли пациентов старших возрастных групп. Максимальные сроки постановки на учет отмечены в группе потребителей инъекционных наркотиков. Доля пациентов с сопутствующими заболеваниями составляет 75–86%, что требует расширения возможностей по выбору режима АРТ. При назначении наивным пациентам первой линии терапии основная часть назначаемых антиретровирусных препаратов (АРВП) приходится на схемы «ненуклеозидный ингибитор обратной транскриптазы (ННИОТ) и два нуклеозидных ингибитора обратной транскриптазы (НИОТ)» и «ингибитор протеазы (ИП) и два НИОТ», на ингибиторы интегразы приходится 6,9%.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Несмотря на положительную динамику показателей в части старта диспансеризации и лечения пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией в период с 2016 по 2020 г., в целях сокращения сроков вовлечения пациентов, требуются дополнительные исследования и последующие интервенции в выявленных гендерных, возрастных и клинических группах риска, а также обеспечение доступности современной АРТ и увеличение в ней доли фиксированных комбинаций АРВП. Увеличение среднего возраста пациентов, высокая полипрагмазия и потребность в снижении риска возможных межлекарственных взаимодействий свидетельствуют в пользу необходимости увеличения доли ингибиторов интегразы.</p><p>В целях определения ответственности пациента за наблюдение и лечение своего заболевания, Федеральный закон от 30 марта 1995 г. № 38-ФЗ «О предупреждении распространения в Российской Федерации заболевания, вызываемого вирусом иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ-инфекции)» требуется привести в соответствие с Федеральным законом от 21.11.2011 года № 323-ФЗ «Об основах здоровья граждан в Российской Федерации».</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with HIV infection during registration in the period from 2016 to 2020 in the city of Ekaterinburg.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Sverdlovsk Regional Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS, Ekaterinburg. The data of 4222 patients with HIV infection registered in the period from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. This study included a large number of patients with HIV infection registered for 5 years, which made it possible to comprehensively assess the portrait of a patient with HIV infection at the present stage, reflecting the demographic and clinical parameters of the cohort. A downward trend in the detection of HIV infection from 2016 to 2020 was noted; reducing the time from the detection of HIV infection to the start of dispensary observation and the appointment of antiretroviral therapy (ART); increase in the proportion of patients of older age groups. The maximum terms of registration were noted in the group of injecting drug users. The proportion of patients with comorbidities is 75–86%, which requires expanding the possibilities for choosing an ART regimen. Most of naïve patients receive «non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NIOT)» and «protease inhibitor (PI) and two NIOT», as a first line treatment, integrase inhibitors account for 6.9%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Despite the positive dynamics of indicators regarding the start of medical examination and treatment of patients with HIV infection in the period from 2016 to 2020, in order to reduce the time for involving patients, additional research and subsequent interventions are required in the identified gender, age and clinical risk groups, as well as ensuring accessibility modern ART and an increase in the proportion of fixed combinations of ARV drugs in it. The increase in the average age of patients, high polypharmacy and the need to reduce the risk of possible drug interactions argue in favor of the need to increase the proportion of integrase inhibitors.</p><p>In order to determine the patient’s responsibility for monitoring and treating their disease, the Federal Law of March 30, 1995 No. 38-FL «On the Prevention of the Spread in the Russian Federation of a Disease Caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)» needs to be brought into line with the Federal Law dated November 21, 2011 No. 323-FL «On the fundamentals of the health of citizens in the Russian Federation».</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>антиретровирусная терапия (АРТ)</kwd><kwd>сопутствующие заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>antiretroviral therapy (ART)</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Подготовка публикации и статистический анализ данных осуществлялись при поддержке компании ООО «Гилеад Сайенсиз Раша»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Подымова А. 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