aidsВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессииHIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders2077-9828Baltic Medical Education Center10.22328/2077-9828-2024-16-2-7-22aids-906Research ArticleРЕДАКЦИОННАЯ СТАТЬЯEDITORIALНизкая виремия при ВИЧ-инфекции: причины и следствияLow-level viremia in HIV infection: causes and consequenceshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-8957БобковаМ. Р.BobkovaM. R.

Бобкова Марина Ридовна — доктор биологических наук, главный специалист лаборатории биологии лентивирусов

105064, Москва, Малый Казенный переулок, д. 5а

 

Moscow

mrbobkova@mail.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток имени И. И. МечниковаРоссияMechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and SeraRussian Federation202405092024162722Copyright © Бобкова М.Р., 20242024Бобкова М.Р.Bobkova M.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/906Цель

Цель: изучение литературы по теме «Низкий уровень виремии (Low-level viremia, LLV) при ВИЧ-инфекции» и систематизация данных по различным темам, включая «определения», «механизмы», «причины», «риски», «клинические последствия», «профилактика» и «управление».

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Для сбора информации о LLV при ВИЧ-инфекции был проведен комплексный поиск данных литературы. Собранные данные были сгруппированы в соответствии с вышеупомянутыми темами.

Результаты и их обсуждение. Проведена систематизация данных о феномене низкой виремии, его источниках и потенциальных механизмах. Подробно рассмотрены вопросы о санктуариях ВИЧ, клональной экспансии и ее роли в формировании LLV. Дана оценка вклада приверженности, лекарственной устойчивости и лекарственных взаимодействий в частоту LLV. На основе экспертных мнений сформирован алгоритм действий по профилактике LLV и ее преодолению.

Заключение

Заключение. Феномен LLV активно изучается, есть представление о его источниках и механизмах формирования. На этой основе в ближайшем времени будут разработаны рекомендации для практикующих врачей, которые позволят достигать эффективного вирусологического ответа у всех ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов.

The aim

The aim. This study aimed to review literature on the topic of «Low-level viremia (LLV) in HIV infection» to systematically organize data under various themes, including «definitions», «mechanisms», «causes», «risks», «clinical implications», «prevention», and «management».

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. A comprehensive search of literature data was conducted to gather information on LLV in HIV infection. The collected data were categorized into themes based on the aforementioned topics.

Results and discussion

Results and discussion. The study involved the systematic organization of data on low viremia, including its sources and potential mechanisms. Detailed discussions were held on questions surrounding HIV sanctuaries, clonal expansion, and their role in LLV formation. Additionally, the contribution of factors such as adherence, drug resistance, and drug interactions to LLV incidence was assessed. Furthermore, an algorithm of actions to prevent and address LLV, based on expert opinions, was developed.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The LLV phenomenon is under active investigation, with an evolving understanding of its sources and formation mechanisms. Based on this knowledge, future recommendations for practitioners are anticipated, aimed at achieving effective virological responses in all HIV-infected patients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.