aidsВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессииHIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders2077-9828Baltic Medical Education Center10.22328/2077-9828-2024-16-2-23-39aids-907Research ArticleЛЕКТОРИЙLECTUREЭпидемиологические особенности и психоневрологические последствия инфицирования людей вирусом НипахEpidemiological features and psychoneurological consequences of infection of people with the Nipah virushttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8911-4458УлюкинИ. М.UlyukinI. M.

Улюкин Игорь Михайлович — кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник федерального

194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6

St. Petersburg

igor_ulyukin@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-0101РассохинВ. В.RassokhinV. V.

Рассохин Вадим Владимирович — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры социально значимых инфекций и фтизиопульмонологии федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; заведующий лабораторией хронических вирусных инфекций отдела экологической физиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Институт экспериментальной медицины»; ведущий научный сотрудник федерального бюджетного учреждения науки «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека

197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8,

197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, д. 12,

197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14

St. Petersburg

ras-doc@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6832-6988СечинА. А.SechinA. A.

Сечин Алексей Александрович — начальник научно-исследовательской лаборатории федерального 

194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6

St. Petersburg

sechinalex@rambler.ruОрловаЕ. С.OrlovaE. S.

Орлова Елена Станиславовна — кандидат медицинских наук, преподаватель кафедры микробиологии федерального 

194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6

St. Petersburg

oes17@yandex.ruКлементьевА. М.KlementevA. M.

Клементьев Александр Максимович — клинический ординатор кафедры инфекционных болезней взрослых и эпидемиологии 

194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, д. 2

St. Petersburg

aklementev96@mail.ruВоенно-медицинская академия имени С. М. КироваРоссияMilitary Medical Academy named after S. M. KirovRussian FederationПервый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова; Институт экспериментальной медицины; Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени ПастераРоссияPavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University; Institute of Experimental Medicine; St. Petersburg Pasteur InstituteRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университетРоссияSt. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical UniversityRussian Federation2024050920241622339Copyright © Улюкин И.М., Рассохин В.В., Сечин А.А., Орлова Е.С., Клементьев А.М., 20242024Улюкин И.М., Рассохин В.В., Сечин А.А., Орлова Е.С., Клементьев А.М.Ulyukin I.M., Rassokhin V.V., Sechin A.A., Orlova E.S., Klementev A.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/907

В лекции изложены современные представления об этиологии, особенностях эпидемического процесса, механизмах поражения организма человека, клинических проявлениях, диагностике, лечении и профилактике инфекции, вызванной вирусом Нипах. Особое внимание уделено характеристикам отдельных вспышек инфекционного процесса в различных географических регионах мира, ранним и отдаленным психопатологическим, неврологическим и когнитивным последствиям вследствие поражения людей вирусом Нипах. Подчеркнуты факторы риска возникновения и быстрого распространения инфекции с очень высоким коэффициентом летальности, достигающим 100%, что определяет высокий пандемический потенциал и скрытые угрозы для человеческого общества. Изложены рекомендации по профилактике передачи инфекции, вызываемой вирусом Нипах, на всех уровнях: от животных человеку, от человека человеку, в медицинских учреждениях, которые в отсутствие эффективной вакцинопрофилактики и специфического к противовирусного лечения являются основой сдерживания распространения инфекционного процесса. В этой связи принимаемые и планируемые меры по обеспечению больных и контактных лиц адекватной медико-психологической помощью, особенности разработки и внедрения эффективных противоэпидемических, клинико-диагностических алгоритмов, своевременное и качественное проведение социально-гигиенического мониторинга объектов окружающей среды на фоне увеличивающихся биологических угроз как извне, так и внутри страны позволят максимально снизить риски биологических угроз. Лекция предназначена для врачей различных специальностей, включая инфекционистов, эпидемиологов, врачей общей практики, неврологов, психиатров, лабораторной диагностики, радиологов и др.

The lecture outlines modern ideas about the etiology, features of the epidemic process, mechanisms of damage to the human body, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of infection caused by the Nipah virus. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of individual outbreaks of the infectious process in various geographical regions of the world, early and long-term psychopathological, neurological and cognitive consequences due to human infection with the Nipah virus. The risk factors for the emergence and rapid spread of infection with a very high mortality rate, reaching 100%, are emphasized, which determines the high pandemic potential and hidden threats to human society. Recommendations are outlined for the prevention of transmission of infection caused by the Nipah virus at all levels: from animals to humans, from humans to humans, in medical institutions, which, in the absence of effective vaccine prevention and specific antiviral treatment, are the basis for containing the spread of the infectious process. In this regard, measures taken and planned to provide patients and contact persons with adequate medical and psychological care, features of the development and implementation of effective anti-epidemic, clinical diagnostic algorithms, timely and high-quality social and hygienic monitoring of environmental objects against the backdrop of increasing biological threats from outside, and within the country will minimize the risks of biological threats. The lecture is intended for doctors of various specialties, including infectious disease specialists, epidemiologists, general practitioners, neurologists, psychiatrists, laboratory diagnosticians, radiologists etc.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.