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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2024-16-4-28-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-961</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Выявление генов человека, взаимодействующих с рецепторами прикрепления ВИЧ и потенциально участвующих в патогенезе заболевания, на основе мультисетевого биоинформатического анализа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identification of human genes interacting with HIV attachment receptors and potentially involved in disease pathogenesis based on multi-network bioinformatics analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0078-9681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыденко</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydenko</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давыденко Владимир Сергеевич — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории вирусологии и иммунологии ВИЧ-инфекции, аспирант</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Pеtеrsburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimir_david@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2270-8897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Останкова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostankova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Останкова Юлия Владимировна — кандидат биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией иммунологии и вирусологии ВИЧ-инфекции, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной иммунологии</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Pеtеrsburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shenna1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-3674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щемелев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchemelev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щемелев Александр Николаевич — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии и вирусологии ВИЧ-инфекции</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Pеtеrsburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tvildorm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1882-529X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ануфриева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anufrieva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ануфриева Екатерина Владимировна — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологии и вирусологии ВИЧ-инфекции</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Pеtеrsburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kate.an21@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кушнарева</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kushnareva</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кушнарева Валерия Викторовна — лаборант-исследователь лаборатории иммунологии и вирусологии ВИЧ-инфекции</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Pеtеrsburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anford60@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4571-8799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тотолян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Totolian</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тотолян Арег Артемович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, заведующий лабораторией молекулярной иммунологии</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Pеtеrsburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">totolian@pasteurorg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Pеtеrsburg Pasteur Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Давыденко В.С., Останкова Ю.В., Щемелев А.Н., Ануфриева Е.В., Кушнарева В.В., Тотолян А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Давыденко В.С., Останкова Ю.В., Щемелев А.Н., Ануфриева Е.В., Кушнарева В.В., Тотолян А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Davydenko V.S., Ostankova Y.V., Shchemelev A.N., Anufrieva E.V., Kushnareva V.V., Totolian A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/961">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/961</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования был поиск генов-кандидатов, взаимодействующих с рецепторами прикрепления ВИЧ (CCR5, CXCR4, CCR2, CD4) и потенциально участвующих в патогенезе заболевания, на основе комплексных сетевых алгоритмов in silico.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для анализа генетических и белок-белковых сетей использовали ряд веб-приложений, алгоритмы и базы данных которых дополняют друг друга. В качестве фоновых/базовых генов во всех случаях были использованы гены рецептора CD4 и хемокиновых корецепторов CCR5, CXCR4 и CCR2, поскольку их белковые продукты играют ключевую роль в процессе прикрепления вируса к клетке. Проведен анализ данных, включающий двухэтапное ранжирование выявленных генов-кандидатов по их взаимодействию с фоновыми генами и присутствию в результатах сетевого анализа разных веб-ресурсов.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. Согласно полученным результатам, при использовании трех веб-ресурсов были выявлены гены-кандидаты: HumanNet — 451 ген-кандидат, GeneMania — 86, STRING — 61. По результатам пересечения трех веб-ресурсов, общее число генов-кандидатов, связанных с фоновыми генами, составило 511. Общее количество генов с рангом выше 4 баллов составило 68. Из них кодирующих хемокиновые лиганды С-С/C-X-C семейства — 31 ген (45,6%), рецепторы С-С/C-X-C — 12 (17,6%), рецепторы других типов — 8 (11,8%), белки других типов — 17 (25%). Определены следующие рецепторы и белки, не входящие в семейства C-C/C-X-C указанных групп: ARRB2, TLR2, ADRA1A, ARRB1, FPR1, FPR3, GNAI1, PF4, PIK3CG, PPIA, S1PR3, GNA11, GNAI2, GNG2, PTPRC, ADRA1B, ADRB1, AFP, CD164, DBN1, GNB1, ITCH, RNF113A, SLC1A1, USP14.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Большинство выявленных генов-кандидатов, взаимодействующих с рецепторами прикрепления ВИЧ и потенциально участвующих в патогенезе заболевания, относились к кодирующим хемокиновые рецепторы и их лиганды С-С/C-X-C семейства, роль которых в прогрессировании ВИЧ-инфекции известна или активно изучается. В то же время выявлены гены, продукты которых никогда не рассматривали в качестве возможных участников патогенеза указанного заболевания, однако полученные результаты свидетельствуют, что они могут играть роль в регуляции проникновения вируса и/или в модуляции иммунного ответа организма. Дальнейшее биоинформатическое и экспериментальное исследование функций и полиморфных вариантов этих генов будет способствовать совершенствованию понимания генетических основ патогенеза ВИЧ-инфекции и выявлению новых направлений терапевтических подходов. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to search for candidate genes interacting with HIV attachment receptors (CCR5, CXCR4, CCR2, CD4) and potentially involved in disease pathogenesis, based on complex in silico network algorithms.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A number of web applications were used to analyse genetic and protein-protein networks, the algorithms and databases of which are complementary. The CD4 receptor and chemokine co-receptor genes CCR5, CXCR4 and CCR2 were used as background/baseline genes in all cases, as their protein products play a key role in the process of virus attachment to the cell. The data were analysed, including a two-stage ranking of the identified candidate genes according to their interaction with background genes and their presence in the results of network analysis of different web resources.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. According to the results, candidate genes were identified using three web resources: HumanNet — 451 candidate genes, GeneMania — 86, STRING — 61. Based on the results of crossing the three web resources, the total number of candidate genes associated with background genes was 511. The total number of genes with a rank above 4 points was 68. Of these, 31 genes (45.6%) encoding C-C/C-X-C family chemokine ligands, 12 genes (17.6%) encoding C-C/C-XC receptors, 8 genes (11.8%) encoding receptors of other types, and 17 genes (25%) encoding proteins of other types. The following receptors and proteins that are not members of the C-C/C/C-X-C families of the indicated groups have been identified: ARRB2, TLR2, ADRA1A, ARRB1, FPR1, FPR3, GNAI1, PF4, PIK3CG, PPIA, S1PR3, GNA11, GNAI2, GNG2, PTPRC, ADRA1B, ADRB1, AFP, CD164, DBN1, GNB1, ITCH, RNF113A, SLC1A1, USP14.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Most of the identified candidate genes interacting with HIV attachment receptors and potentially involved in the pathogenesis of the disease were those encoding chemokine receptors and their C-C/C-X-C family ligands, the role of which in the progression of HIV infection is known or under active investigation. At the same time, genes whose products have never been considered as possible participants in the pathogenesis of the disease were identified, but the results suggest that they may play a role in the regulation of virus entry and/or in the modulation of the immune response of the organism. Further bioinformatic and experimental studies of the functions and polymorphic variants of these genes will help to improve the understanding of the genetic basis of HIV pathogenesis and identify new directions for therapeutic approaches.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ)</kwd><kwd>взаимодействие вирус-хозяин</kwd><kwd>белок-белковые взаимодействия</kwd><kwd>гены-кандидаты</kwd><kwd>in silico</kwd><kwd>CCR5</kwd><kwd>CXCR4</kwd><kwd>CCR2</kwd><kwd>CD4</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)</kwd><kwd>virus-host interactions</kwd><kwd>protein-protein interactions</kwd><kwd>candidate genes</kwd><kwd>in silico</kwd><kwd>CCR5</kwd><kwd>CXCR4</kwd><kwd>CCR2</kwd><kwd>CD4</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24–25–00479 от 29 декабря 2023 года по теме «Оценка потенциальной значимости генетических факторов хозяина в инфицировании вирусом иммунодефицита человека и развитии заболевания». https://rscf.ru/project/24–25–00479.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global HIV &amp; AIDS statistics — Fact sheet / UNAIDS 2023 epidemiological estimates. https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet (access date: 08.05.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global HIV &amp; AIDS statistics — Fact sheet / UNAIDS 2023 epidemiological estimates. https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet (access date: 08.05.2024).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kiertiburanakul S., Sungkanuparph S. 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