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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2024-16-4-55-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-963</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль самостигматизации и эмоциональных переживаний в формировании приверженности к антиретровирусной терапии у пациентов молодого возраста с перинатальным путем инфицирования ВИЧ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of internalised stigma and emotional suffering in forming adherence to antiretroviral therapy in young patients with perinatal HIV infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0726-0147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Середа</surname><given-names>Э. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sereda</surname><given-names>E. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Середа Эмануэль Жозевич — врач-инфекционист; врач-терапевт 9-го дифференциально-диагностического отделения для взрослых </p><p>190020, Санкт-Петербург, наб. Обводного канала, д. 179</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">do-one@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3461-1128</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халезова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalezova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Халезова Надежда Борисовна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры психиатрии и наркологии ; врач-психиатр-нарколог</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p><p>190103, Санкт-Петербург, наб. Обводного канала, д. 179</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khalezo@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1438-2399</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самарина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samarina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самарина Анна Валентиновна — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры социально значимых инфекций и фтизиопульмонологии; заведующая отделением материнства и детства </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p><p>190103, Санкт-Петербург, наб. Обводного канала, д. 179</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avsamarina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-0101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рассохин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rassokhin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рассохин Вадим Владимирович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры социально значимых инфекций и фтизиопульмонологии; ведущий научный сотрудник </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 14</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rasdoc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр по профилактике и борьбе со СПИД и инфекционными заболеваниями; Детский научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre on Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases; Clinical Research Centre on Paediatric Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр по профилактике и борьбе со СПИД и инфекционными заболеваниями; Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre on Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases; Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова; Научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Пастера</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University; St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Середа Э.Ж., Халезова Н.Б., Самарина А.В., Рассохин В.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Середа Э.Ж., Халезова Н.Б., Самарина А.В., Рассохин В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sereda E.Z., Khalezova N.B., Samarina A.V., Rassokhin V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/963">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/963</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: провести анализ частоты встречаемости и структуры эмоциональных переживаний и самостигматизации и влияние на приверженность к антиретровирусной терапии (АРТ) у пациентов молодого возраста с перинатальным путем инфицирования ВИЧ (ППИ ВИЧ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективно-проспективное исследование, в которое были включены 105 пациентов с ППИ ВИЧ (мужчины 53 (50,4%), женщины 52 (49,6%)) с описанием медико-социальных и лабораторных характеристик (количество CD4-лимфоцитов и РНК ВИЧ в крови) на момент перехода во взрослое отделение Центра СПИД и в динамике через 3 года. Выполнено углубленное кросс-секционное психологическое и психометрическое обследование 41 пациента в возрасте 18–25 лет (23 (56%) мужчин, 18 (44%) женщин) с ППИ ВИЧ с использованием модифицированной для пациентов, живущих с ВИЧ, шкалы HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 1983), «Теста для выявления ведущего фактора стигматизации» (2015); шкалы оценки приверженности (Мориски–Грин).</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. Средний возраст пациентов на момент проведения исследования сопоставим с длительностью инфицирования ВИЧ и составил 20,9±1,5 года. Средний возраст выявления ВИЧ-инфекции составил 2,5±4,2 года. Средний возраст начала АРТ — 7,2±4,5 года. Собственную семью создали 5,8% респондентов, о наличии трудовой деятельности сообщил лишь каждый пятый, инвалидность установлена у 8,6%. Имеющаяся зависимость от никотина, а также опыт потребления алкоголя и наркотиков отмечены у 12,3%, 4,7% и 2,8% пациентов соответственно. Стигматизация/самостигматизация чаще встречалась у мужчин и была ассоциирована с длительным приемом АРТ. Все остальные факторы стигматизации/самостигматизации (индивидуальные, семья/близкие, социальные) не были статистически значимыми. Депрессивные состояния были более характерны для женщин по сравнению с мужчинами.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В исследовании доказаны связи между снижением приверженности, эмоциональными переживаниями и стигматизацией пациентов с перинатальным инфицированием ВИЧ. Психокоррекционная работа и психофармакологическое лечение могут стабилизировать психическое состояние, уменьшить степень самостигматизирующего фактора болезни и соответственно усилить приверженность к лечению. В связи с высокой частотой выявления признаков депрессивных расстройств стигматизации/самостигматизации у молодых людей с перинатальным инфицированием ВИЧ целесообразно в повседневной клинической практике врачей-инфекционистов и врачей-педиатров внедрять использование доступных эффективных диагностических подходов и инструментов (шкалы, анкеты) с целью своевременного выявления риска психических расстройств. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim of the study</title><p>Aim of the study. To analyse the incidence and pattern of emotional suffering and internalised stigma, as well as their impact on adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in young patients living with perinatal HIV infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We studied 105 patients with perinatal HIV infection (53 men (50.4%) and 52 women (49.6%)), describing their medical, social and laboratory characteristics such as CD4-lymphocyte count (cells/μL) and HIV RNA detection (copies/mL) in blood at the moment of their transition to adult follow-up and 3 years afterwards. We performed an in-depth crosssectional psychological and psychometric study of 41 patients aged 18–25 (23 men (56%) and 18 women (44%)) with perinatal HIV infection monitored since childhood at the dispensary department of the AIDS Centre. The following methods were used: the HADS scale (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 1983), the “Major Stigma Factor Test” (2015) with questions adapted for HIV disease and the Morisky-Green Medication Adherence Scale. A survey of 105 patients with HIV PPI was conducted: 53 men (50.4%), 52 women (49.6%), their social status and the course of HIV infection were characterized (the number of CD4 lymphocytes (cells/μL) and HIV RNA in blood plasma (copies/mL) retrospectively at the age of 18 on the moment of transition to an adult dispensary and in dynamics (~ 3 years later). Then 41 patients aged 18–25 years (23 (56%) men, 18 (44%) women) were selected from the main group using a continuous method and an in-depth cross-sectional psychological and psychometric examination was conducted using the HADS scale (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 1983); “A test to identify the leading factor of stigmatization” (2015) [with modification of questions for HIV infection; adherence assessment scales (Morisky-Green)].</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The incidence of stigma/internalised stigma was more frequent in men than in women and was associated with long-term ART intake. All other stigma/internalised stigma factors (individual, family/friends, social) were not statistically significant. Depressive states were more often found in women than in men. Our ART adherence analysis did not yield statistical differences. The average age of patients at the time of the study was 20.9±1.5 years. The duration of the disease is comparable to the age of the study group which is due to infection. The average age of HIV infection detection was 2.5±4.2 years. In 79% of patients ART was started at the age of 7.2±4.5 years. According to the results of the patient survey, 5.8% of respondents created their own family (including with the birth of 1 child), and only one in five (20%) reported having a job, 8.6% had a disability. The existing dependence on nicotine, as well as the experience of alcohol and drug consumption (recreational use) were noted in 12.3%, 4.7 and 2.8% of patients, respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. This study showed correlations between decreased adherence to ART, emotional suffering and internalised stigma in patients with perinatal HIV infection. Psychocorrection and psychopharmacological treatment may prove effective for stabilising patients’ mental state, reducing internalised stigma factor and consequently increasing adherence to treatment. In light of the high frequency of depressive disorders associated with stigma/internalised stigma in young people with perinatal HIV infection, it is advisable to put available effective diagnostic methods and tools (scales, questionnaires) in the daily clinical practice of infectious disease physicians and paediatricians for early detection of mental disorders.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>стигматизация/самостигматизация</kwd><kwd>тревога</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>молодые люди с перинатальной ВИЧ-инфекцией</kwd><kwd>приверженность к АРТ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stigma/internalised stigma</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>young people with perinatal HIV infection</kwd><kwd>adherence to ART</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция у взрослых. 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