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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">aids</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и иммуносупрессии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-9828</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2077-9828-2024-16-4-66-72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">aids-964</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ нежелательных реакций антиретровирусных препаратов при применении у беременных женщин</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Аnalysis of cases of adverse reactions during the use of antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-5455</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усеинова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Useinova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усеинова Асие Наримановна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры базисной и клинической фармакологии</p><p>295021, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, б-р Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Simferopol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mametova.as@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0765-5336</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марьяненко</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maryanenko</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марьяненко София Павловна — студентка VI курса специальности 31.05.01 Лечебное дело</p><p>295021, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, б-р Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Simferopol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sofiya-maryanenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4012-2523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егорова Елена Александровна — кандидат фармацевтических наук, доцент кафедры базисной и клинической фармакологии </p><p>295021, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, б-р Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Simferopol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egorovapharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-3950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Матвеев Александр Васильевич — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры клинической фармакологии и терапии, руководитель Учебно-образовательного центра фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины </p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avmcsmu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8059-7075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бейтуллаев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beitullaev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бейтуллаев Асан Марленович — аспирант первого года обучения, ассистент кафедры базисной и клинической фармакологии </p><p>295021, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, б-р Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Simferopol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asan25.2001@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Крымский федеральный университет имени В. И. Вернадского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Усеинова А.Н., Марьяненко С.П., Егорова Е.А., Матвеев А.В., Бейтуллаев А.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Усеинова А.Н., Марьяненко С.П., Егорова Е.А., Матвеев А.В., Бейтуллаев А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Useinova A.N., Maryanenko S.P., Egorova E.A., Matveev A.V., Beitullaev A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/964">https://hiv.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/964</self-uri><abstract><p>Антиретровирусная терапия (АРТ) предполагает постоянное применение комбинации антиретровирусных препаратов (АРП), как правило, трех и более. У беременных с вирусом иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ) АРТ не прекращается, поскольку требуется снизить вероятность передачи ВИЧ от матери плоду. Однако особенности организма беременной могут существенно влиять на фармакокинетические и фармакодинамические параметры АРП, что увеличивает риск возникновения нежелательных реакций (НР) лекарственных средств (ЛС).</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение частоты НР АРП на основе анализа спонтанных сообщений о НР среди беременных женщин, зарегистрированных в региональной базе данных ARCADe (Adverse Reactions in Crimea, Autonomic Database).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объектами исследования явились 64 спонтанных сообщения о НР, зарегистрированных в региональной электронной базе данных (регистре) спонтанных сообщений ARCADe в Республике Крым за период с 1 января 2012 г. по 31 декабря 2021 г. среди беременных женщин, принимающих АРП.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. Чаще всего НР вызывали комбинированные АРП, а также ЛС группы нуклеозидных ингибиторов обратной транскриптазы. По частоте развития НР при проведении АРТ среди беременных лидирующую позицию занимала комбинация ЛС ламивудина и зидовудина. Среди клинических проявлений НР преобладали нарушения кроветворения и диспепсические расстройства. Почти 85% выявленных НР требовали проведения медикаментозной коррекции, вопреки тому, что лишь 5% из них отнесены к серьезным проявлениям НР.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Длительное применение АРП требует регулярного мониторинга НР, в частности, в период беременности, для оказания своевременной помощи и сохранения высокого уровня приверженности терапии пациенток к эффективной схеме АРТ. Несмотря на высокую частоту развития анемий, кожных и диспепсических расстройств, выявлена низкая доля серьезных НР, что оправдывает использование АРТ во время беременности. Непрерывная АРТ имеет неоспоримые преимущества в предотвращении передачи от матери плоду ВИЧ, подавлении репликации вируса и снижении уровня младенческой смертности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Antiretroviral therapy is a treatment that involves the regular use of a combination of antiviral drugs. During pregnancy, women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) do not stop antiretroviral treatment, as this is necessary to reduce the risk of HIV transmission from the mother to the fetus. However, the body of a pregnant woman can affect the way the antiretroviral medications work, called their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. This can increase the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADR) from the medications.</p><p>The aim of the study was investigated of the frequency of ADR of antiretroviral therapies based on analysis of spontaneous reports of ADR among pregnant women who were registered in the ARCADe regional database (Adverse Reactions in Crimea, Autonomous Database). </p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 64 spontaneous ADR reports registered in the electronic database of spontaneous ARCADE messages in the Republic of Crimea between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2021. These reports were collected from pregnant women who were taking ARP.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The most common types of ADR have been reported when using combined antiretroviral medications and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor drugs. The combination of lamivudine and zidovudine drugs was the most frequent cause of adverse effects among pregnant women on antiretroviral therapy. Hematopoietic disorders and dyspepsia were the most prevalent clinical manifestations of the ADR. Almost 85% of identified ADR required medication adjustment, although only 5% were classified as severe manifestations of the events.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Long-term antiretroviral drug use requires regular monitoring of ADR, particularly during pregnancy, to provide timely care and maintain high levels of patient adherence to an effective antiretroviral treatment regimen. Despite the high incidence of anemia, skin, and dyspeptic problems, the proportion of serious ADR was found to be relatively low, which justifies the use of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. This justifies the continued use of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy, as it has undeniable benefits in preventing transmission of HIV from mother to child, suppressing viral replication, and reducing mortality in infants.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>зидовудин</kwd><kwd>ламивудин</kwd><kwd>нежелательные реакции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV-infection</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>zidovudine</kwd><kwd>lamivudine</kwd><kwd>adverse reactions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Постановление Главного государственного санитарного врача РФ от 11 января 2011 г. № 1 «Об утверждении СП 3.1.5.2826-10 «Профилактика ВИЧ-инфекции». М., 2011. 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