Сonsequences of COVID-19 is a problem of modern medicine

The aim: to analyse of the clinical manifestations of the effects of COVID-19 in residents of the Osh region of the Kyrgyz republic.

Materials and methods. During the study, Osh city and the Osh region of the Kyrgyz republic were selected, where the COVID-19 pandemic began. The study included patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who received treatment in the infectious diseases department of the Osh interregional clinical hospital for the period 2020–2022. To study the post-COVID syndrome, 252 patients were followed up for a long time, some of them dropped out of observation, mainly people over 70 years old, due to refusal to constantly visit a medical institution and due to death. The observed group of patients contacted medical institutions when they had any complaints and felt worse. The patients were examined by doctors of family doctor centers at the place of residence, if necessary, they were consulted by doctors of narrow specialties. the patient data after extraction from the electronic medical record were aggregated for statistical analysis. The R-studio software (version 4.0.3) was used for statistical processing of the results. The calculation and visualization of clinical symptoms in a comparative aspect, depending on the strain and by week, were carried out using the following indicators: median (IQR); n (%), Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson’s Chi-Squared Test.

Results and discussion. Monitoring of the condition of patients after acute COVID-19 at the 12th, 24th, 48th, 96th week established the preservation of almost all syndromes of the acute phase of coronavirus infection and the multisystem clinical manifestations with the appearance of new symptoms. The most common consequences of COVID-19 were asthenic syndrome (69.04%), neurological disorders (55.9%) and respiratory manifestations (56.3%). Less pronounced symptoms of the acute form of COVID-19 had a significant impact in the post-ovarian period, manifested by gastrointestinal syndrome (36.1%), mental disorders (28.1%) and cardiovascular disorders (26.6%). New clinical symptoms that were not observed in the acute period were identified: metabolic syndrome (19.4%), problems of the musculoskeletal system, sweating, allergies, leg swelling, dandruff (16.6%). Patients who had an infection caused by the B strain were more likely to develop heartburn, hypomnesia, ageusia and allergic reactions. While after the disease associated with the Omicron strain, patients were more likely to complain of arthralgia, hand and foot anesthesia, headache, snoring in their sleep, fatigue, hypertension and hyperglycemia. A direct influence on the occurrence of the consequences of COVID-19 was exerted by: the Omicron strain, the severity of the disease, severe pneumonia with extensive lung damage (CT-3 and CT-4), high inflammation (CRP), self-medication with early use of antibiotics and corticosteroids (70.1% and 78%, respectively).

Conclusion. Long-term follow-up of patients who underwent COVID-19 showed the development of post-COVID syndrome in 69% of cases with multisystem manifestations. Our results complement the growing number of studies on the study of postovoid syndrome. The dominant clinical consequences of COVID-19 are neurological and asthenic syndromes. The occurrence of post-COVID syndrome was influenced by the strain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the severity of clinical and instrumental changes and methods of treatment of the acute phase. A wide range of clinical symptoms of post-COVID syndrome require further research to better understand the long-term effects of infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 and to form recommendations for the treatment of people with post-COVID syndrome.

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