HIV infection in the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation

Aim: to assess the epidemiological manifestations of HIV infection on the territory of the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted in 10 territories of the Siberian Federal District over a fourteen-year period of HIV infection surveillance (2009–2022). The material for the study was information from federal statistical observation forms No. 2, No. 61, No. 4, as well as departmental observation «Information on measures for the prevention of HIV infection, hepatitis B and C, identification and treatment of patients with HIV infection.» A traditional descriptive evaluative observational epidemiological study algorithm was used.

Results and discussion. In the Siberian Federal District, the long-term average incidence of HIV infection was 101.2 per 100 thousand population (95% CI 101.0–101.4), which is 2 times higher than the Russian average of 48.3 (95% CI 48.3–48.4). The incidence of morbidity among children decreased from 9.6 cases to 4.3 cases per 100 thousand children (Tdecr.=–4.0%, p=0.009). There was an increase in the proportion of the female population among the sick from 35.5% in 2009. up to 46.5% in 2022. The incidence of women in the age group of 15–17 years was 3.7 times higher than the incidence of men, in the age group of 18–24 years it was 1.8 times. The highest incidence rate was observed in three subjects of the Siberian Federal District — Kemerovo, Irkutsk, and Novosibirsk regions. 50.6% of patients had a subclinical stage, 49.1% — stages of secondary diseases. In the Siberian Federal District, during the studied period, the coverage of the population with HIV testing increased by 1.7 times and amounted to 32.4% of the population; the coverage of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected patients who were under dispensary observation increased to 90.1%; it decreased by more than 2 times number of cases of treatment interruption.

Conclusion. Despite the observed trend towards a decrease in the incidence rate of the population, the relevance of the problem of HIV infection for the health care of the region remains, which requires the introduction of additional measures aimed at stabilizing the epidemiological situation.

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